牯岭藜芦
牯岭藜芦 |
中文名:牯岭藜芦 别 名:天目藜芦,闽浙藜芦 拉丁学名:Veratrum schindleri (Baker) Loes. f. 二名法:Veratrum schindleri 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:单子叶植物纲 目:百合目 亚 目:百合亚目 科:百合科 族:藜芦族 属:藜芦属 和福建 |
牯岭藜芦(gǔ lǐng lí hú lu,学名 Veratrum schindleri (Baker) Loes. F.,俗名:黑紫藜芦,别 名:天目藜芦,闽浙藜芦,异名:Veratrum japonicum Veratrum atroviolaceum Veratrum warburgii),是单子叶植物纲、百合目、百合科、藜芦属多年生草本。根茎可入药,但有毒,涌吐风痰,杀虫。生长于海拔700-1350米的山坡林下阴湿处。产于江西、江苏、浙江、安徽、湖南、湖北、广东、广西和福建。 [1]
目录
牯岭藜芦形态特征
牯岭藜芦 植株高约1米,基部具棕褐色带网眼的纤维网。叶在茎下部的宽椭圆形,有时狭矩圆形,长约30厘米,宽(2-)5 -10(-13)厘米,两面无毛,先端渐尖,基部收狭为柄,叶柄通常长5-10厘米。
圆锥花序长而扩展,具多数近等长的侧生总状花序;总轴和枝轴生灰白色绵状毛;花被片伸展或反折,淡黄绿色、绿白色或褐色,近椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形,长6-8毫米,宽2-3毫米;
先端钝,基部无柄,全缘,外花被片背面至少在基部被毛;小苞片短于或近等长于花梗,背面生绵状毛,在侧生花序上的花梗长约6-8(-14)毫米;雄蕊长为花被片的2/3;
子房卵状矩圆形。蒴果直立,长1-5-2厘米,宽约1厘米。花果期6-10月。 [2]
分类文献
Veratrum schindleri Loes. f. in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brand. 68: 139. 1926; et in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 24: 67. 1927.——V. canaleriei Loes. f. in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 25: 4. 1928, pro parte.——V. maximowiczii auct. non Baker: C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 147. 1903, pro parte.
Veratrum atroviolaceum Loesener; V. warburgii Loesener.
Plants to 1 m tall, basally with brown, reticulate fibers formed from disintegrated sheaths. Leaves basally narrowed to a rather long or basally clasping petiole; leaf blade broadly elliptic to lorate, (15--)20--30(--60) × (0.5--)2--10(--13) cm, glabrous, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate.
Panicle variable in length, laxly many flowered; branches spreading; rachis gray-white woolly; bracts 5--7 mm, abaxially woolly. Pedicel 6--8(--14) mm. Tepals yellowish green, greenish white, brownish, deep purple-violet, or black-purple, subelliptic, oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or obovate-elliptic, 5--8 × 2--3 mm, base not clawed, apex obtuse or subacute; outer tepals pubescent at least at abaxial base. Stamens 2--5 mm. Ovary glabrous. Capsule erect, 1--2 × ca. 1 cm. Fl. and fr. Jun--Oct. 2 n = 16*.
- Shaded and moist places on forested slopes; 700--1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
Chinese records of Veratrum japonicum (Baker) Loesener (e.g., in FRPS) are referable to V. schindleri.
牯岭藜芦生长环境
生长于海拔700-1350米的山坡林下阴湿处。 [3]