大花虎耳草
大花虎耳草 |
中文名:大花虎耳草 拉丁学名:Saxifraga stenophylla Royle 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:虎耳草亚目 科:虎耳草科 亚 科:虎耳草亚科 族:虎耳草族 属:虎耳草属 亚 属:山羊臭亚属 组:山羊臭组 亚 组:鞭匐枝亚组 |
大花虎耳草(dà huā hǔ ěr cǎo),学名 Saxifraga stenophylla Royle,为虎耳草科、虎耳草属植物,产四川、云南、和西藏,锡金、尼泊尔、印度(西姆拉)和克什米尔地区均有。 [1]
目录
大花虎耳草形态特征
大花虎耳草,多年生草本,高5-17.5厘米。茎不分枝,密被腺毛(腺头黑褐色,球形);鞭匐枝出自基生叶腋部,丝状,长4-12厘米,多少被腺毛,先端具芽。
基生叶密集,呈莲座状,革质,狭椭圆形至近匙形,长7.5-13毫米,宽2-4.5毫米,先端具长约1.3毫米之软骨质芒,腹面略凹陷,背面稍弓凸,边缘具软骨质刚毛状睫毛(有的具黑褐色球形腺头);
茎生叶较疏,革质,长圆形,长5.5-11毫米,宽1.5-3毫米,先端具长约1.2毫米之软骨质芒(芒端具腺头),两面多少被腺毛,边缘具软骨质腺睫毛。
大花虎耳草, 聚伞花序长1.5-3厘米,具2-3花;花梗长6-14毫米,密被腺毛;萼片在花期直立,稍肉质,卵形至披针形,长4-6.2毫米,宽1.2-2.8毫米,先端通常具短尖头,腹面通常无毛,稀具极少腺毛,背面和边缘具黑褐色腺毛,5-9脉于先端半汇合至汇合;
花瓣黄色,椭圆形、倒卵形至倒阔卵形,长8-12毫米,宽4.5-7.5毫米,8-11脉,先端钝,无爪,无痂体;雄蕊长4-5.7毫米,花丝钻形;[2]
子房近上位,椭圆球形,长2.5-3.5毫米,花柱长约1.5毫米。花期7-8月。 [3]
Saxifraga stenophylla Royle Illustr. Bot. Himal. 227. t. 50. f. l. 1835; Hara et Williams, Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 155. 1979.——S. flagellaris Willd. ex Sternb. subsp. euflagellaris Engl. et Irmsch. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 67(IV. 117) : 160. 1916, p. p.——S. flagellaris Willd. ex Sternb. subsp. megistantha Hand. -Mazz. in Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. -Nat. 60:115. 1923; Symb. Sin. 7 (2) : 424. 1931; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 134. 图1997. 1972; 云南种子植物名录上册: 234. 1984; 西藏植物志2: 504. 图116: 14-20. 1985. ——S. flagellaris auct. non Wills. ex Sternb.: Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 397. 1878, p. p.
Saxifraga flagellaris Willdenow ex Sternberg subsp. stenophylla (Royle) Hultén; S. flagellaris var. stenosepala Trautvetter; S. flagellaris var. stenosepala f. alta Engler & Irmscher; S. flagellaris var. stenosepala f. humilis Engler & Irmscher; S. flagellaris var. stenosepala f. pauciflora Engler & Irmscher.
Stem 5-17.5 cm tall, densely glandular hairy. Stolons arising from axils of basal leaves, 4-12 cm, sparsely glandular hairy, gemmiferous at apex. Basal leaves aggregated into a rosette, narrowly elliptic to subspatulate, somewhat convex abaxially, concave adaxially, 0.8-1.3 cm × 2-4.5 mm, leathery, both surfaces ± glandular pubescent, margin glandular ciliate, apex acute, glandular. Cauline leaves remote, 5.5-11 × 1.5-3 mm, leathery, both surfaces ± glandular hairy, margin glandular ciliate, apex glandular. Cyme 1.5-3 cm, (1 or)2- or 3-flowred; pedicels 0.6-1.4 cm, densely glandular hairy. Sepals erect, ovate to lanceolate, 4-6.2 × 1.2-2.8 mm, subcarnose, abaxially and marginally dark brown glandular hairy, adaxially glabrous or rarely sparsely glandular hairy, veins 5-9, partly or fully confluent at apex, apex usually mucronate. Petals yellow, obovate to broadly so or elliptic, 0.8-1.2 cm × 4.5-7.5 mm, not callose, 8-11-veined, clawless, apex obtuse. Stamens 4-5.7 mm. Ovary subsuperior, ellipsoid, 2.5-3.5 mm; styles ca. 1.5 mm. Fl. Jul-Aug.
Scrub, alpine meadows, among rocks; 3700-5000 m. W Sichuan, E Xizang (Baxoi Xian, Mainling Xian, Zayü Xian), NW Yunnan (Zhongdian Xian) [India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan, Sikkim, Tajikistan].
Saxifraga stenophylla is part of the polymorphic S. flagellaris complex. In the present account, the taxa belonging to this complex are treated as narrowly defined species.
大花虎耳草生长环境
生于海拔3 700-4 800米的高山草甸和高山灌丛草甸。