蘭嶼樫木
蘭嶼樫木 |
中文學名:蘭嶼樫木 拉丁學名:Dysoxylum cumingianum C. DC. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:芸香目 亞 目:芸香亞目 科:楝科 亞 科:楝亞科 族:鷓鴣花族,樫木亞族 屬:樫木屬 |
蘭嶼樫木(lán yǔ jiān mù,學名:Dysoxylum cumingianum)為樫木屬下的一個種。產台灣蘭嶼。分布於菲律賓。 [1]
目錄
蘭嶼樫木形態特徵
小喬木或喬木,達20(-30)米高。樹皮平滑到具細裂縫,具皮孔。小枝纖細,具顯著皮孔;具葉的頂芽為緊握的拳頭狀。葉螺旋狀排列,對45厘米,奇數羽狀複葉; 葉柄無毛,乾燥時微黑,基部膨脹;小葉5-9; 小葉柄達6毫米;小葉葉片橢圓形到倒卵形, 8.5-18 * 3-7 厘米, 紙質到稍革質,無毛,基部楔形,有時多少不對稱,先端明顯漸尖,具1.2厘米漸尖頭,次脈在主脈兩邊各7或9 (或10)。
聚傘圓錐花序多少腋生, 2-8(-25)厘米,被褐黃色微柔毛,分枝達5(-12)厘米。花萼淺杯狀,3-6毫米,淡黃褐色短柔毛,邊緣不規則5裂。花瓣(4或)5(或6),帶白色, 7-10 * 1.8-2.2 毫米,通常無毛。雄蕊管截形到稍具細圓齒,外面疏生短柔毛;花葯10,長約1毫米,着生在近邊緣處。花盤1-1.5毫米高,裡面具短柔毛,邊緣具細圓齒。子房(3或)4或5室,每室具2並生胚珠;花柱下部2/3被短柔毛。蒴果直徑達3厘米,扁平球狀,(3-)5瓣裂,明亮帶粉紅色紅色,無毛。 種子1-6,約1.8 * 1.5 厘米,具鮮橙色平凸肉質種皮。
嫩枝密被粗毛,後無毛。葉為奇數羽狀複葉,長30厘米,有小葉7-9; 小葉對生或互生,膜質,橢圓形或卵狀橢圓形,長(5-)12-16厘米,寬(3-)5-6厘米,先端鈍而急尖,基部楔形,有時圓形,偏斜,干時黃褐色,葉面無毛,背面沿中脈和側脈上密被微柔毛,側脈每邊12-14條,背面稍凸起。
圓錐花序線狀,由枝上抽出,約與葉柄等長,長約8厘米,密被黃色粗毛;萼膜質,壺狀,外被密粗毛,4齒裂;花瓣4,膜質,線狀長橢圓形,長約15毫米,頂部被黃色小粗毛;雄蕊管圓柱狀,無毛,狹裂,花葯8,長橢圓形;花盤圓柱狀,外面無毛,裡面被倒毛;子房密被黃色長柔毛,4室.每室有胚珠1顆;花柱約與雄蕊管等長,中部被毛。
蒴果球形,直徑2-2.5厘米,紅褐色,4-5瓣裂。 [2]
Goniocheton arborescens Blume, Bijdr. 177. 1825.
Trees to 20(-30) m tall. Bark smooth to finely cracked, lenticellate. Twigs slender, prominently lenticellate; apical buds with leaves like clenched fists. Leaves in spirals, to 45 cm, odd-pinnate; petiole glabrous, drying blackish, base swollen; leaflets 5-9; petiolules to 6 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to obovate, 8.5-18 × 3-7 cm, papery to somewhat leathery, glabrous, base cuneate, sometimes ± asymmetric, apex conspicuously acuminate with acumen to 1.2 cm, secondary veins 7 or 9(or 10) on each side of midvein. Thyrses ± axillary, 2-8(-25) cm, tawny puberulent, branches to 5(-12) cm. Calyx shallowly cupular, 3-6 mm, fawn-colored pubescent, margin irregularly 5-lobed. Petals (4 or)5(or 6), whitish, 7-10 × 1.8-2.2 mm, usually glabrous. Staminal tube truncate to weakly crenulate, sparsely pubescent outside; anthers 10, ca. 1 mm, inserted near margin. Disk 1-1.5 mm high, inside pubescent, margin crenulate. Ovary (3 or)4- or 5-locular, with 2 collateral ovules per locule; style pubescent in proximal 2/3. Capsule to 3 cm in diam., flattened globose, (3-)5-valved, bright pinkish red, glabrous. Seeds 1-6, ca. 1.8 × 1.5 cm, planoconvex with bright orange sarcotesta.
Taiwan (Lan Yu) [Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines; Australia, Indian Ocean islands, Pacific islands].