長圓葉柳檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
長圓葉柳 |
中文名:長圓葉柳 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:楊柳目 科:楊柳科 屬:柳屬 組:灌木柳組 種:長圓葉柳 中文學名:Salix divaricata Pall. var. meta-formosa (Nakai) Kitag |
長圓葉柳(cháng yuán yè liǔ,學名 Salix divaricata var. metaformosa (Nakai) Kitagawa,異名:Salix divaricata var. meta-formosa Salix orthostemma Salix metaformosa Salix divaricata var. orthostemma )是斜升灌木(有時匍匐),高約80厘米,小枝淡黃色,初有毛,後無毛。葉倒卵形,橢圓形,長圓狀倒卵形或倒披針形,長2-5厘米,寬0.6-2厘米,先端短漸尖,基部楔形,邊緣有鋸齒或全緣,上面綠色,下面灰綠色,成葉無毛,葉脈淡褐色,上面凹陷,下面突起。分布於吉林東部(長白山)、朝鮮。 [1]
長圓葉柳形態特徵
斜升灌木(有時匍匐),高約80厘米,小枝淡黃色,初有毛,後無毛。葉倒卵形,橢圓形,長圓狀倒卵形或倒披針形,長2-5厘米,寬0.6-2厘米,先端短漸尖,基部楔形,邊緣有鋸齒或全緣,上面綠色,下面灰綠色,成葉無毛,葉脈淡褐色,上面凹陷,下面突起。葉柄長2-5毫米,初有短絨毛,後無毛。托葉披針形,常早落。
長圓葉柳, 花與葉同時或稍先葉開放,雄花序長2-2.5(3)厘米,粗8-10毫米,無梗或有短梗,基部有2-3個具柔毛的鱗片;雄蕊2,花絲中下部不同程度的合生,稀離生,無毛,花葯球形,着生在花序上部的部分花葯黃紅色,下部黃色;苞片橢圓狀長圓形或長倒卵形,長約1.3毫米,先端圓形或稍尖,上部紫紅黑色,兩面密被比苞片本身長一倍以上的長柔毛;僅1腹腺,卵形或短圓柱形,黃色;
雌花序側生枝端,直立,花序梗被絨毛和鱗狀小葉片;
苞片倒卵形,先端鈍或尖,褐色,有長毛;腺體1,腹生;子房被絨毛,具短柄或幾無柄,花柱明顯,長約1毫米,柱頭2淺裂。
蒴果褐色,無毛或有疏毛。花期5月下旬,果期7月。 [2]
Salix metaformosa Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 42. 1919; S. divaricata var. orthostemma (Nakai) Kitagawa; S. orthostemma Nakai.
Shrubs ascending, rarely creeping, to 80 cm tall. Branchlets yellowish, at first pilose, glabrescent. Stipules lanceolate, caducous; petiole 2-5 mm; leaf blade obovate, elliptic, oblong-obovate, or oblanceolate, 2-5 × 0.6-2 cm, abaxially grayish green, glabrous, adaxially green, base cuneate, margin serrate or entire, apex shortly acuminate; veins brownish, conspicuous, adaxially impressed. Flowering coetaneous or slightly precocious. Male catkin 2-2.5(-3) × 0.8-1 cm, sessile or shortly pedunculate, with 2 or 3 scalelike leaflets; bracts purplish reddish black, yellowish green proximally, elliptic-oblong or long obovate, ca. 1.3 mm, villous, apex rounded or slightly acute. Male flower: adaxial gland yellow, ovate or shortly cylindric; stamens 2; filaments partly connate, rarely distinct, glabrous; anthers yellowish red or yellow, globose. Female catkin pedunculate; peduncle tomentose, with leaflets; bracts brown, obovate, villous, apex obtuse or acute. Female flower: gland adaxial; ovary reddish, tomentose, shortly stipitate; style conspicuous, ca. 1 mm; stigma red, 2-lobed. Capsule russet, pilose or subglabrous to glabrous. Fl. May, fr. Jul.
Damp places, roadsides; 1800-2300 m. E Jilin (Changbai Shan) [Korea]
長圓葉柳生長環境
主要生長於海拔1800-2300米的山地陰濕處及路旁,常與牛皮杜鵑 Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. 混生。