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粉叶苏木 |
中文名:粉叶苏木 学 名:Caesalpinia caesia Hand.-Mazz. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:云实亚科 族:云实族 属:云实属 |
粉叶苏木(fěn yè sū mù,学名:Caesalpinia caesia Hand.-Mazz.),是豆科、云实属藤本;小枝疏生倒钩刺,被短柔毛。圆锥花序腋生,被褐色细柔毛;花瓣倒卵状长圆形,具短柄,被柔毛,子房无毛,椭圆形。荚果具短柄,卵形或椭圆形,薄,成熟时肿胀,凸镜状,干时黑色,腹缝线具狭翅,有种子1颗。花期8月以后。产于广西和海南。 [1]
粉叶苏木形态特征
藤本;小枝疏生倒钩刺,被短柔毛。二回羽状复叶长15-20厘米;羽片5-8对; 粉叶苏木 叶轴和羽轴均被疏毛;
小叶8-12对,对生,疏离,近无柄,小叶片纸质,长圆形,长8-15毫米,宽4-6毫米,先端截平或圆钝,微缺,基部斜截平,两面均无毛,干时上面褐色,有光泽,下面粉褐色。
圆锥花序腋生,长10-15厘米,被褐色细柔毛;花梗长4-7毫米,在花萼下面具关节;花开放时直径约8毫米;
萼片5,无毛,最下面一片兜状披针形,长约6毫米,钝头,其余4片卵状长圆形,稍短,长3.5-4毫米;
花瓣5,倒卵状长圆形,具短柄,被柔毛,长3.5-4毫米;雄蕊10,花丝基部被锈色疏长毛;子房无毛,椭圆形。
荚果具短柄,卵形或椭圆形,长约5厘米,宽2.3-3厘米,薄,成熟时肿胀,,凸镜状,干时黑色,腹缝线具狭翅,有种子1颗。花期8月以后。 [2]
Caesalpinia caesia Hand.-Mazz. in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 85: 215. 1936; Vidal et Hul Thol in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris 395 (Bot. 27): 86. 1976. ——C. hypoglauca Chun et How in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 20. 1959;陈焕镛等, 海南植物志2: 226. 1965.
Caesalpinia hypoglauca Chun & F. C. How.
Climbers. Branchlets with sparse recurved prickles, puber-ulent. Leaves 15-20 cm; pinnae 5-8 pairs; rachis of leaves and pinnae pilose; leaflets 8-12 pairs, opposite, dispersed, subses-sile, abaxially farinose-brown when dry, adaxially brown, shiny, oblong, 8-15 × 4-6 mm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, base obliquely truncate, apex truncate or obtuse-rounded, emargi-nate. Panicles axillary, 10-15 cm, brown puberulent. Pedicels 4-7 mm, jointed at apex. Flowers ca. 8 mm in diam. at anthesis. Sepals 5, glabrous, lowest one cucullate-lanceolate, ca. 6 mm, apex obtuse, other 4 ovate-oblong, slightly shorter, 3.5-4 mm. Petals obovate-oblong, 3.5-4 mm, pubescent, shortly clawed. Stamens 10; filaments ferruginous pilose at base. Ovary elliptic, glabrous, 2-ovuled. Legume blackish when dry, ovoid or ellip-tic, ca. 5 × 2.3-3 cm, thin, swollen at maturity, concave, ventral suture narrowly winged, 1-seeded. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Aug.
● Sparse forests along rivers; 200-1000 m. Guangxi, Hainan.