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毛天料木

中文学名:毛天料木

拉丁学名:Homalium mollissimum Merr.

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

目:侧膜胎座目

科:大风子科

属:天料木属

分布区域:产海南越南北部也有

毛天料木(máo tiān liào mù,学名 Homalium mollissimum Merr.),大风子科天料木属植物。灌木或小乔木,高6-7米;树皮灰色或灰褐色;生于低海拔山地林中。我国海南越南北部有分布。 [1]

毛天料木形态特征

灌木或小乔木,高6-7米;树皮灰色或灰褐色;小枝圆柱形,幼时密被短柔毛,逐渐脱落减少。

叶革质,椭圆形或长圆椭圆形,稀长圆形,长5-11厘米,宽2.5-5厘米,先端急尖至短尾尖,基部楔形至宽楔形,边缘有疏离浅锯齿,幼时两面密被苍黄色柔毛,以后逐渐减少,中脉和侧脉在上面平坦,下面突起,侧脉6-8对;叶柄长2-5毫米,密被柔毛;托叶披针形,长约1厘米,被柔毛,早落。

花白色,多数,以2朵簇生或单个而排成总状,总状花序顶生或生于上部的叶腋,长4-8厘米;花序梗和花梗密被苍黄色柔毛;花梗长2-3毫米;花直径4-6毫米,中部具节;萼筒狭陀螺状,长约2毫米,有明显纵槽纹,外面密被苍黄色柔毛;

萼片线形或倒披针状线形,长4-5毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,先端稍钝,两面疏被长柔毛,边缘密被睫毛;

花瓣倒披针形,稍比萼片长,先端尖或钝,两面被长柔毛,边缘密被睫毛,结果时有明显脉纹;雄蕊7,花丝与花瓣近等长,下部被开展长柔毛;子房被开展长柔毛,花柱3-4,丝状,长约3毫米,结果时加倍之,下部被开展长柔毛;侧膜胎座3-4,每个有胚珠3-4颗。

蒴果倒圆锥形,长5-7毫米,被长柔毛。花期6-12月,果期7月至次年春季。 [2]

Homalium mollissimum Merr. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 14: 39. 1935; How et Ko in Acta Bot. Sin. 8 (1): 42. 1959; 海南植物志1: 462. 1964; M. Lescot in Fl. Cambodge Laos et Vietanm 11: 86. 1970; G. S. Fan in Journ. Wuhan Bot. Res. 8 (2): 132. 1990; 广东植物志2: 114. 1991.

Shrubs or small trees, 6-7 m tall; bark gray or gray-brown; branchlets terete, densely pubescent, hairs spreading, yellowish. Stipules sometimes persistent, 5-10 mm, linear, narrowly elliptic, or obovate, pubescent with long white hairs, margin toothed or erose; petiole 2-5 mm, densely pubescent; leaf blade elliptic or oblong-elliptic, rarely oblong or obovate, ca. 2 × as long as wide, 5-11 × 2.5-5 cm, leathery, both surfaces sparsely to densely yellow pubescent throughout, midvein and lateral veins raised abaxially, flat adaxially, lateral veins 6-8 pairs, base acute to rounded, margin remotely shallowly serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, acumen to ca. 7 mm. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, racemose, 4-8 cm; rachis densely pubescent, hairs spreading, yellowish white, long; bracts narrowly lanceolate to linear, 1-4 mm, papery, margin entire, toothed, or erose, pubescent, hairs spreading, white, long. Pedicels 2-3 mm, articulate above middle, densely pubescent, hairs spreading, yellowish, long. Flowers numerous, inserted along rachis singly or in pairs, white, 7- or 8-merous, 4-6 mm in diam. Calyx tube ca. 2 mm, conspicuously longitudinally ribbed, outside densely pubescent, hairs mostly as long as those on sepal and petal margins, spreading, yellowish; sepals linear or oblanceolate-linear, 3-5 × 1-1.5 mm, apex usually acute, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, hairs spreading, white, long; sepal margin densely ciliate, hairs spreading, white, long. Petals oblanceolate, slightly longer than sepals, apex acute or obtuse, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, hairs spreading, white, long; margin densely ciliate, hairs spreading, long, to 1.5-2 mm at petal apex. Disk glands minute. Stamens 7 or 8; filaments ca. equal to or overtopping petals, with long spreading hairs in lower part. Free part of ovary pubescent, hairs spreading, white, straight, ca. 1 mm or more; styles 3 or 4, ca. 3 mm, ca. 2 × longer at fruiting stage, hairy except for distal 1/4, hairs as for ovary; placentas 3 or 4, each with 3 or 4 ovules. Capsule 5-7 mm. Fl. Jun-Dec, fr. Jul-Jan of following year.

毛天料木生长环境

生长于低海拔山地林中。

毛天料木分布范围

产于海南崖县保亭昌江陵水万宁乐东琼中定安)。越南北部也有分布。模式标本采自凤上村。

毛天料木主要价值

木材可供家具、农具及器具等用。

参考来源

  1. 毛天料木, 植物智, 2020-01-18
  2. 《中国植物志》 第52(1)卷 (1999) >> 031页 PDF >> 毛天料木 Homalium mollissimum