檢視长穗胡椒的原始碼

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| style="background: #008080" align= center|  '''<big>长穗胡椒</big> '''

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|[[File:长穗胡椒1.jpg|缩略图|居中|250px|[https://ss0.bdstatic.com/70cFuHSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1058745561,582583015&fm=26&gp=0.jpg 原图链接] [http://m.shumiao.net/miaomu/5236.html 来自树苗网]]]

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中文名:长穗胡椒

拉丁学名:Piper dolichostachyum 

M. G. Gilbert & N. H. Xia

界:植物界

总 门:种子植物门

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

目:胡椒目

科:[[胡椒科]]

属:[[胡椒属]]

种:长穗胡椒

分布区域:中国[[云南省]]

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'''长穗胡椒'''(cháng suì hú jiāo))，学名：'''Piper dolichostachyum''' M. G. Gilbert & N. H. Xia）是[[胡椒科]]、[[胡椒属]]木质攀援藤本植物。草本直立和灌木状， 多数部分具红棕色毛，雌雄异株。生于林中，攀援于树上。叶柄5-13毫米，密被短柔毛，雄性穗状花序未见。 雌性穗状花序对生，核果浓密包装，
产于[[云南省]]）。
<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/Piper%20infossum?t=focn 沉果胡椒], 植物智, 2020-01-18</ref>

==长穗胡椒形态特征==
草本直立和灌木状， 多数部分具红棕色毛，雌雄异株。 干燥时的茎3-4毫米厚，棱槽，后脱落。 叶柄5-13毫米，密被短柔毛，先出叶在3厘米，无毛； 

叶片椭圆状披针形的到倒卵形，强烈不对称， 14-25 * 6-11 厘米，薄纸质，没有明显的腺体， 背面的浓密棕色短柔毛， 脉8-10，3在更狭窄的边上， 疏忽的网脉，横向长圆形，背面的稍突起。

雄性穗状花序未见。 雌性穗状花序对生，27-30厘米×毫米在果期； 花序梗4-4.5厘米，无毛； 轴被短柔毛；苞片圆形，盾形，浅的边缘干燥时，圆筒状的1.5-1.7毫米直径子房多少； <ref>[http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=3&start_taxon_id=125531 Piper] 210001667 Piper dolichostachyum 长穗胡椒 200005563 Piper flaviflorum 黄花胡椒 200005564 Piper glabricaule 光茎胡椒 200005565 Piper hainanense 海南 200005... </ref>

柱头3或4，反折，非常短和不明显。 核果浓密包装，prismaticircaindric，2×1.5毫米果期的约 4月。<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/Piper%20dolichostachyum?t=focn 长穗胡椒 Piper dolichostachyum] 长穗胡椒 分类信息 形态特征 生态习性 功用价值 物种保护 DNA序列 分类树 植物标本 名称分类 Sp2000 CN(2020) 植物志 中国植物志 (FRPS) Flora... </ref>

Piper dolichostachyum M. G. Gilbert & N. H. Xia
长穗胡椒 chang sui hu jiao<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/Piper%20dolichostachyum?t=focn FOC  >> Vol.4 (1999) >> Piperaceae >> Piper | eFloras.org Link] </ref>

Herbs erect and shrubby (probably), most parts with reddish brown hairs, dioecious. Stems 3-4 mm thick, furrowed when dry, glabrescent. 

Petiole 5-13 mm, densely pubescent, prophyll to 3 cm, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to obovate, strongly asymmetric, 14-25 × 6-11 cm, thinly papery, without evident glands, abaxially densely brown pubescent, nearly tomentose on veins, adaxially sparsely minutely scabrid, base strongly obliquely cordate, basal lobes overlapping, bilateral difference to 3 mm, apex long acuminate; 

veins 8-10, 3 on narrower side, up to 7 on wider side, apical pair arising 2-6 cm above base, alternate, nearly reaching leaf apex, next pair often also above base; 

reticulate veins lax, transversely oblong, slightly raised abaxially. Male spikes not seen. Female spikes leaf-opposed, 27-30 cm × 6-7 mm in fruit; peduncle 4-4.5 cm, glabrous; rachis pubescent; 

bracts orbicular, peltate, margin pale when dried, 1.5-1.7 mm in diam. Ovary ± cylindric; stigmas 3 or 4, reflexed, very short and inconspicuous. 

Drupes densely packed, prismatic-cylindric, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm. Fr. Apr.

* Wet places within forests. S Yunnan (Xishuangbanna Daizu Zizhizhou)

Plants of this species were named as Piper spirei in FRPS, but examination of the type of that name has shown that it belongs to P. boehmeriifolium.

==Related Taxa==
P. arborescens [[兰屿胡椒]]
P. arunachalensis
P. attenuatum [[卵叶胡椒]]
P. austrosinense [[华南胡椒]]
P. bambusifolium [[竹叶胡椒]]
P. betle [[蒌叶]]
P. boehmeriifolium 叶
P. boehmeriifolium var. boehmeriifolium 叶(原变种)
P. boehmeriifolium var. glabricaule [[光茎胡椒]]
P. bonii 复毛胡椒
P. bonii var. bonii 复毛胡椒(原变种)
P. bonii var. macrophyllum 大叶复毛胡椒
P. cathayanum 华山蒌
P. chaudocanum 勐海胡椒
P. chinense 中华胡椒
P. damiaoshanense 大苗山胡椒
P. dolichostachyum 长穗胡椒
P. flaviflorum 黄花胡椒
P. hainanense 海南
P. hancei 山
P. hochiense 河池胡椒
P. hongkongense 毛
P. infossibaccatum 嵌果胡椒
P. infossum var. infossum 沉果胡椒(原变种)
P. infossum var. nudum 落叶沉果胡椒
P. interruptum 疏果胡椒
P. kadsura 风藤
P. kawakamii 恒春胡椒
P. kwashoense 绿岛胡椒
P. laetispicum 大叶
P. lingshuiense 陵水胡椒
P. longum 荜拔
P. macropodum 粗梗胡椒
P. mischocarpum 柄果胡椒
P. mullesua 短
P. mutabile 变叶胡椒
P. nigrum 胡椒
P. nudibaccatum 裸果胡椒
P. pedicellatum 角果胡椒
P. pingbienense 屏边胡椒
P. pleiocarpum 线梗胡椒
P. polysyphonum 樟叶胡椒
P. ponesheense 肉轴胡椒
P. puberulilimbum 毛叶胡椒
P. retrofractum 假荜拔
P. rhytidocarpum 皱果胡椒
P. rubrum 红果胡椒
P. sarmentosum 假
P. semiimmersum 缘毛胡椒
P. senporeiense 斜叶
P. sintenense 小叶爬崖香
P. stipitiforme 短柄胡椒
P. submultinerve 多脉胡椒
P. submultinerve var. nandanicum 狭叶多脉胡椒
P. submultinerve var. submultinerve 多脉胡椒(原变种)
P. suipigua 滇西胡椒
P. sylvaticum 长柄胡椒
P. taiwanense 台湾胡椒
P. thomsonii 球穗胡椒
P. thomsonii var. microphyllum 小叶球穗胡椒
P. thomsonii var. thomsonii 球穗胡椒(原变种)
P. tricolor 三色胡椒
P. tsangyuanense 粗穗胡椒
P. tsengianum 瑞丽胡椒
P. umbellatum 大胡椒
P. wallichii 石南藤
P. wangii 景洪胡椒
P. yinkiangense 盈江胡椒
P. yui 椭圆叶胡椒
P. yunnanense 子

== 参考来源 ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:370 植物學總論]]