檢視美鐵的原始碼

{{Infobox Company
| name             = Amtrak<br />美鐵<br /><small>National Railroad Passenger Corporation<br />国家铁路客运公司</small>
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| company_logo     =  <img  src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Amtrak_Logo.svg/958px-Amtrak_Logo.svg.png" width="200px" ><br> [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Amtrak_Logo.svg/958px-Amtrak_Logo.svg.png 原圖連結]  
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| image            =  <img  src="https://youimg1.c-ctrip.com/target/100q0e00000076hnd4FCB.jpg" width="300px" ><br><br> [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Amtrak_Logo.svg/958px-Amtrak_Logo.svg.png 原圖連結]  
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| image_caption    = 美国国家铁路公司Amtrak总部所在地
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'''國家鐵路客運公司'''（{{lang-en|'''National Railroad Passenger Corporation'''}}），公司[[商標]]和常用的稱呼'''Amtrak'''，中文簡稱'''美國國鐵'''或'''美鐵'''，是[[美國]]經營長途和城際[[鐵路]][[客運]]的營利性公司<ref>{{cite web|last=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|title=Foreward|url=http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/677/158/2011-Amtrak-Annual-Report-Final.pdf|work=Annual Report Fiscal Year 2011|publisher=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|accessdate=2012-07-30|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120901000000/http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/677/158/2011-Amtrak-Annual-Report-Final.pdf|archivedate=2012-09-01}}</ref>，創立於1971年5月1日。其商標「'''Amtrak'''」是由英文「美國」（America）和「鐵軌」（track）組成的[[混成詞]]<ref name="web-amtrak1">{{cite web |url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Copy/Title_Image_Copy_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1081442674300&ssid=542 |title=Amtrak National Facts |accessdate=2008-06-12 |publisher=Amtrak |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120101132/http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak%2Fam2Copy%2FTitle_Image_Copy_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1081442674300&ssid=542 |archivedate=2008-01-20 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>。總部位於[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区|華盛頓]][[聯合車站 (華盛頓特區)|聯合車站]]。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amtrak.com/pdf/factsheets/DC08.pdf|title=Amtrak Fact Sheet, Fiscal Year 2008 District of Columbia|publisher=Amtrak Government Affairs|accessdate=2011-08-27|date=November 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606172431/http://www.amtrak.com/pdf/factsheets/DC08.pdf|archivedate=2011-06-06}}</ref>

美鐵依據《1970年美國鐵路客運服務法案》（Rail Passenger Service Act of 1970）建立<ref>{{cite web|last=91st Congress of the United States of America|title=Section 301: Creation of the Corporation|url=http://history.amtrak.com/archives/rail-passenger-service-act-of-1970|work=Rail Passenger Service Act of 1970|publisher=United States Government|accessdate=2012-07-30}}</ref>。其所有的優先權股份都由美國聯邦政府所有，並接受政府投資以維持公司運轉。公司的運作模式為準政府機構，董事會成員皆由總統提名經參議院同意而任命。部份普通股份由美國其他私營鐵路公司在1971年美國國鐵創立時，以經營鐵路客運權力交換而來<ref>[http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=4571&type=0&sequence=6 ''The Past and Future of U.S. Passenger Rail Service'', sec. 4 n.21] (September 2003).</ref>。雖然美鐵並不給予股息，有少數投資人向擁有原先股份的鐵路公司購買美鐵股份。2004年，部分普通股股份由美鐵購回<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.house.gov/transportation/rail/04-30-03/04-30-03memo.html |title=Web archive of U.S. House of Representatives report |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110231722/http://www.house.gov/transportation/rail/04-30-03/04-30-03memo.html |archivedate=2006-11-10 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>。2011[[財政年度]]，[[美國國會]]共向美鐵投資5.63億美元補助鐵路運營，並追加9.22億美元用於資本流通。<ref>{{cite web|last=U.S. Conference of Mayors|title=III. Transportation|url=http://www.usmayors.org/cdbg/documents/FY11-FinalAppropriations.pdf|work=Fiscal Year 2011 Appropriations (HR 1473)|publisher=U.S. Conference of Mayors|accessdate=2012-07-30|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6D07WL2pL?url=http://www.usmayors.org/cdbg/documents/FY11-FinalAppropriations.pdf|archivedate=2012-12-18}}</ref>美鐵2010年票箱回報率(售票收入佔運營成本的比率)為79%，為現有美國各客運鐵路公司中最高。<ref name="National Railroad Passenger Corporation">{{cite web|last=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|title=Basic Amtrak Facts|url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246|work=Amtrak National Facts, FY 2011|publisher=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|accessdate=2012-07-30|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69jjCKc8A?url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246|archivedate=2012-08-07}}</ref> 

美鐵有僱員超過20000人<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246 |title=Amtrak National Facts |publisher=Amtrak |accessdate=2012-02-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69jjCKc8A?url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246 |archivedate=2012-08-07 }}</ref>；全國總路線長35000[[公里]]，服務覆蓋美國46州及[[加拿大]]三個省份，總共約500個車站<ref name="amtrak.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080120101132/http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak%2Fam2Copy%2FTitle_Image_Copy_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1081442674300&ssid=542 Amtrak Fact Sheet]</ref>。2012年度共運送3120萬人次旅客，累計收入20億美元<ref>{{cite web|last=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|title=Basic Amtrak Facts|url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246|work=National Amtrak Facts, FY 2011|publisher=National Railroad Passenger Corporation|accessdate=2012-07-30|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69jjCKc8A?url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246|archivedate=2012-08-07}}</ref>。目前每天美鐵經營1250班列車，出軌事故率1.0%。