斜翼
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中文名:斜翼 學 名:Plagiopteron suaveolens Griff. 界:植物界 科:椴樹科 屬:斜翼屬 種:斜翼 |
斜翼(xié yì)，學名：Plagiopteron suaveolens Griff.，俗名：華斜翼，異名：Plagiopteron chinense Plagiopteron fragrans Plagiopteron chinensis ，是椴樹科、斜翼屬植物。斜翼子房、花葯頂端孔裂、氣孔及葉片維管束斷裂後可拉出彈性的細絲。 [1]
目錄
斜翼植物學史
根據園林部的引種記錄，該物種由陶國達、李建武於2009年從瑞麗引入。由於藤本園內僅此一株開花，還未觀測到果實，推測它可能具有自交不親和的特點。
斜翼形態特徵
蔓性灌木；嫩枝被褐色茸毛。葉膜質，卵形或卵狀長圓形，長8-15厘米，寬4-9厘米，先端急銳尖，基部圓形或微心形，上面脈上有稀疏茸毛，下面密被褐色星狀茸毛，全緣；
側脈5-6對；葉柄長1-2厘米，被毛。圓錐花序生枝頂葉腋，通常比葉片為短，花序軸被茸毛；花柄長6毫米；小苞片針形，長2-3毫米；萼片3片，披針形，長約2毫米，被茸毛；
花瓣3片，長卵形，長4毫米，兩面被茸毛；雄蕊長5毫米，花葯球形，縱裂；子房被褐色長茸毛，胚珠側生。
斜翼子房3室、花葯頂端孔裂、氣孔及葉片維管束斷裂後可拉出彈性的細絲。斜翼的老莖上可以長出橫向側生的分枝環抱住大樹的樹幹為其提供強有力的支撐。
Branchlets brown stellate tomentose. Petiole ca. 1 cm, densely tomentose; leaf blade elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-oblong, 8-15 × 4-9 cm, papery, abaxially densely brown stellate tomentose, adaxially finally pubescent on veins only, midvein strongly prominent abaxially, raised adaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs, base rounded or slightly cordate, less often acute to obtusely cuneate, or apparently finely crenate in dried material, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate.
Inflorescence paniculate, axillary, toward twig apices, usually shorter than leaf blade; peduncle densely brown stellate tomentose, lower unbranched part of peduncle 4-6 cm. Pedicel ca. 6 mm, tomentose; bracteoles lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Sepals (2-)4(or 5), spreading or re-flexed, unequal in size, lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, tomentose. Petals 3 or 4, sepal-like, narrowly ovate, 3-4 mm, outside tomentose, inside with sparser weak hairs.
Stamens ca. 50; filaments filiform, 2-5 mm, glabrous; anthers globose or pyriform, minute, glabrous, dehiscent by apical pores. Ovary densely brown pubescent, 3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule; style ca. 2 mm, slender, tapering to apex, nearly as long as filaments, tomentose at base; stigma minute. Capsule woody, reportedly ca. 4 cm (Baas et al., loc. cit.), with 3 long obovate wings at apex, wings 2.5-3 cm, longitudinally veined, sparsely stellate hairy. Seeds unknown.
Scrub, evergreen forests; ca. 200 m. SW Guangxi [Myanmar, Thailand].
For Plagiopteron suaveolens Griffith as the correct name for the species, see Daniel (Taxon 40(4): 619-620. 1991).
This species is endangered in China; the few extant plants are in need of protection.
分類文獻
Plagiopteron chinense X. X. Chen in Acta Botanica Yunnanica 2:331-333. 1980.
產地生境
產於廣西龍州。生長於海拔220米的丘陵灌木林里。模式標本采自廣西龍州縣響水鄉。
辨析
本屬曾被Airy-Shaw另立一科，即斜翼科Plagiopteraceae, 參見 Willis, Dictionary Flowering Plants and Ferns. 7, ed. 1966。