大苞藤黃
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中文學名:大苞藤黃 拉丁學名:Garcinia bracteata C. Y. Wu ex Y. H. Li in Acta Phytotax. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 亞 目:山茶亞目 科:藤黃科 亞 科:藤黃亞科 族:藤黃族 屬:藤黃屬 |
大苞藤黃，拉丁文名：Garcinia bracteata C. Y. Wu ex Y. H. Li 藤黃科、藤黃屬喬木，產雲南南部至東南部和廣西南部。生於石灰岩山雜木林中，海拔400-1300（-1750)米。 [1]
目錄
大苞藤黃形態特徵
大苞藤黃， 喬木，高約8米。枝條粗壯，淡綠色，具縱條紋。
葉片革質，卵形，卵狀橢圓形或長圓形，長8-14（-18）厘米，寬4-8厘米，頂端漸尖或短漸尖，稀鈍，基部寬楔形或近圓形，背面淡綠色，中脈在上面下陷，下面隆起，側脈明顯，密集，20-30對，網脈少而不明顯；葉柄粗壯，長1-1.5厘米。
花雜性，異株，花2-7朵傘形排列；花序通常腋生，雄花序偶有頂生；總梗長（1-)2-3厘米，先端具苞葉2枚，苞葉革質，卵形，或大或小；
花梗長0.6-1.3厘米，每花梗基部具闊卵形或卵形小苞片4枚，小苞片長約1.5毫米；萼片和花瓣開放後逐漸下垂；雄花具退化雌蕊，能育雄蕊約40枚，花絲連合成杯狀，肉質，包圍退化雌蕊，花葯分離，藥室4；
雌花具退化雄蕊約20枚，花絲連合成碟狀，膜質，包圍子房基部，雌蕊圓柱狀，中部膨大，柱頭盾形，光滑，邊緣具不規則的淺裂，子房1室。
果序通常着果1個；果卵球形，頂端通常偏斜，成熟時長2.2-2.5厘米，殘留的花被宿存，果柄長1-1.2厘米；種子1個。[2] 花期4-5月，果期11-12月。
Garcinia bracteata C. Y. Wu ex Y. H. Li in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19 (4): 490. fig. 1. 1981.
Trees ca. 8 m tall. Branchlets greenish, robust, striate, glabrous. Petiole robust, 1-1.5 cm; leaf blade abaxially greenish, ovate, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, 8-14(-18) × 4-8 cm, leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins conspicuous, dense, 20-30 pairs, near margin anastomosing; tertiary veins few and inconspicuous, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin cartilaginous, involute, apex acuminate or shortly acuminate, rarely obtuse. Plant dioecious, flowers in 2-7-flowered umbels; umbels usually axillary but male ones occasionally terminal; peduncles (1-)2-3 cm, with a distal pair of foliar bracts; foliar bracts ovate, large or small, leathery; pedicels 0.6-1.3 cm, 4-bracteolate at base; bracteoles broadly ovate or ovate, ca. 1.5 mm; sepals and petals gradually deflexed after anthesis. Male flowers with staminodes; fertile stamens ca. 40; filaments fleshy, connate into a cup and enveloping pistillode; anthers free, 4-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent. Female flowers: staminodes ca. 20; filaments membranous, connate into a disk, enveloping ovary base; ovary cylindric but dilated at middle, 1-loculed; stigma peltate, smooth, irregularly lobed. Infructescence usually 1-fruited. Fruit ovoid, usually oblique at apex, 2.2-4 cm, to 3 cm in diam. when mature, ± smooth, finely striate, stipitate, wilted tepals persistent. Seed 1. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Nov-Dec.
大苞藤黃生長環境
大苞藤黃生長於 大苞藤黃 Garcinia bracteata 石灰岩山雜木林中，海拔400-1300（-1750)米。