中間車軸草

中間車軸草
原圖鏈接來自經驗視頻

中文學名:中間車軸草界:植物界門:被子植物門綱:雙子葉植物綱目:豆目科:豆科

中間車軸草(zhōng jiān chē zhóu cǎo，學名 Trifolium medium L.，異名：Trifolium flexuosum )，多年生草本，高20-50厘米。主根直，地下根莖發達。莖匍匐或上升，分枝少，節是呈Z字形生長，無毛或稀被貼伏毛。掌狀複葉， ^[1]

中間車軸草形態特徵

托葉披針形，下半部與葉柄合生，離生部分長漸尖；莖上部葉柄甚短，下部的長5-8厘米；

小葉橢圓形至闊披針形，長15-60毫米，寬6-30毫米，先端鈍，基部圓，兩面近無毛，或在葉邊有稀疏緣毛，側脈10-12對，與中脈作40°角展開，近葉邊略分叉或不分叉。

頭狀花序於枝梢假頂生，闊卵形或球形，排列疏鬆；總花梗在花期伸長到3-4厘米；花長15-18毫米；萼筒形，長5-6毫米，無毛，具脈紋10條；

萼喉內側密被環毛，萼齒錐刺形，被稀疏長毛，上方2齒稍短，最下方1枚最長；花冠紅色至淡紫色，旗瓣長圓狀卵形，稍比翼瓣和龍骨瓣長。^[2]

莢果卵形，包於宿存花冠中；種子1粒。花期5-7月，果期6-8月。 ^[3]

分類文獻

Trifolium medium Linn. Amoen. Acad. 4: 105. 1759; Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 1: 284. 1762; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 1: 547. 1842; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 2: 114. 1872; Bobrov in Kom. Fl. URSS 11: 246. 1945; Zohary in Davis, Turkey 3: 418. 1970.——T. flexusum lacq. Fl. Austr. 4: 45. 1776.

Perennial herbs, rhizomatous, pubescent to glabrescent. Stems decumbent or ascending, 20-50 cm, branches flexuous. Leaves palmately 3-foliolate, lower long petiolate, upper shortly petiolate; stipules linear-lanceolate, adnate to petiole for ca. 1/2 their length, free blade acuminately lanceolate; leaflets ellip-tic to broadly lanceolate, 15-55 × 6-20 mm, lateral veins 10-12, arching, branched, running into small marginal teeth, base rounded, margins entire to obscurely serrate, apex obtuse to acute. Flowers numerous, in globose to broadly ovate, termi-nal, solitary or paired, sessile or shortly pedunculate heads. Ca-lyx 5-6 mm, veins 10; teeth subulate, unequal, lower tooth longest. Corolla purple, 15-18 mm; standard oblong-ovate. Leg-ume ovoid. Seed 1, brown, angled. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jun-Aug.

Cultivated, persisting after cultivation. Hebei, Shaanxi [native to SW Asia and Europe].