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异齿黄耆 |
中文学名:异齿黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus heterodontus Boriss. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 族:山羊豆族 黄耆亚族 属:黄耆属 亚 属:黄耆亚属 组:短果柄组 |
异齿黄耆(yì chǐ huáng qí,学名:Astragalus heterodontus Boriss.)是豆科黄芪属的植物。分布于俄罗斯以及中国大陆的新疆、西藏等地,生长于海拔3,500米至4,900米的地区,一般生于河滩沙砾地上。 [1]
异齿黄耆形态特征
多年生草本。 根粗壮,直伸。 茎基部分枝,高10-25厘米,被白色短伏贴柔毛。
羽状复叶有9-17片小叶,长2-4厘米;叶柄长0.5-1.5厘米;托叶革质,基部彼此多少合生,三角形,长2-4毫米,先端尖,下面被白色短伏贴柔毛;小叶椭圆形至长圆形,长5-12毫米,宽2-4毫米,先端钝,基部宽楔形,上面无毛,下面被稀疏的白色短伏贴柔毛,具短小叶柄。
总状花序生多数花,密集,呈头状,花序轴长1-2厘米,果期稍延伸;总花梗比叶长;苞片白色,膜质,披针形,长1-2毫米;花梗短,连同花序轴密被黑色柔毛;花萼钟状,长约3毫米,散生黑色柔毛,萼齿形状不一,下边3齿线状锥形,上边2齿狭三角形,长约为萼筒的1/2;
花冠青紫色,旗瓣倒卵状长圆形,长7-8毫米,先端微凹,基部渐狭成瓣柄,翼瓣长5-6毫米,瓣片卵形至长圆状卵形,先端钝圆,基部具短耳,瓣柄比瓣片短2-2.5倍,龙骨瓣长4-5毫米,瓣片半圆形,瓣柄长约1.5毫米;子房被伏贴柔毛,具短柄。
荚果近球形,直径约3毫米,被白色混有黑色伏贴柔毛,具横纹。 花果期7-8月。 [2]
Astragalus heterodontus Boriss. in Tp. Таджик.Базы. Акад. Наук 2: 161. 1936; id. in kom. Fl. URSS 12: 61. 1946; 西藏植物志2: 824. 1985.
Plants 10-25 cm tall. Stems sparsely to loosely covered with very short appressed hairs, soon glabrescent. Leaves 2-4 cm; stipules 2-4 mm, shortly ciliate at margin, lower ones shortly vaginate-connate behind stem, upper ones nearly free; petiole 0.5-2 cm, like rachis loosely covered with appressed white and sometimes also black hairs 0.1-0.25 mm; leaflets in 5-7(or 8) pairs, narrowly elliptic, 5-12 × 3-4 mm, sparsely appressed hairy abaxially, glabrous adaxially, apex obtuse. Ra-cemes densely many flowered; peduncle 2-8 cm, in upper part loosely covered with appressed black hairs; bracts linear, 1-2.5 mm, sparsely black hairy. Calyx 2-3(-4) mm, appressed black hairy, more rarely with some white hairs; teeth unequal, 1-1.5 mm. Petals intensely violet (also in dry state); standard widely elliptic to suborbicular, 5-8 × 4-5 mm, apex rounded to slightly incised; wings 5-7 mm; keel 4-5 mm. Legumes angled-glo-bose, 3-4 mm, rounded at apex without beak, deeply grooved dorsally, 2-locular; valves thin, cross-wrinkled, covered with spreading white and black hairs.
3500-4900 m. Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Tajikistan].
异齿黄耆分布范围
生长于海拔3500-4900米的河滩沙砾地上。 [3]
异齿黄耆分布范围
原苏联有分布。模式标本采自帕米尔地区。