雪球點地梅
雪球點地梅 |
中文名:雪球點地梅 拉丁學名:Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:合瓣花亞綱 目:報春花目 科:報春花科 族:報春花族 屬:點地梅屬 組:高山組 |
雪球點地梅(xuě qiú diǎn dì méi),學名:Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.,異名:Androsace muscoidea f. longiscapa Androsace villosa var. robusta Androsace villosa f. longiscapa Androsace villosa var. robusta f. longiscapa ,是報春花科植物。產於西藏南部聶拉木等地。生于山坡草地,海拔3100-5100米。分布於喜馬拉雅山西段(克什米爾地區至尼泊爾)。 [1]
目錄
雪球點地梅形態特徵
多年生草本,由多數着生於根出條上的蓮座狀葉叢形成密叢。葉叢緊密,圓球形,直徑8-5毫米,通常新葉叢疊生於老葉叢上並同時自老葉叢發出數新根出條;
根出條粗壯,帶紫色,長1-1.2厘米,頂端具小蓮座狀葉叢。葉兩型,外層葉長圓形或狹倒卵狀長圓形,長4-7毫米,寬約2毫米,先端銳尖或稍鈍,背面中肋稍明顯,早枯,棕褐色,無毛;
內層葉多數,舌狀長圓形至舌狀倒披針形,長5-6毫米,寬約1.5毫米,先端稍鈍,腹面無毛或僅先端被毛,背面密被白色綿毛狀長毛。花葶單一,細弱,高1-4厘米,密被白色捲曲柔毛;
傘形花序4-8花;苞片線形或狹披針形,長4-5毫米,兩面被毛;花梗短於苞片或有時稍長;花萼近鍾狀,長約3毫米,密被白色長柔毛,分裂幾達中部,裂片卵狀長圓形,先端鈍;
花冠紫紅色;喉部黃色,直徑6-8毫米,筒部與花萼近等長,裂片倒卵狀圓形,邊緣微呈波狀。蒴果近球形,稍長於花萼。花期6-7月。
Androsace villosa Linnaeus var. robusta R. Knuth in Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 237 (Heft 22): 192. 1905; A. villosa var. robusta f. longiscapa R. Knuth; A. muscoidea Duby f. longiscapa (R. Knuth) Handel-Mazzetti.
Herbs perennial, forming dense cushions. Shoots sparsely villous, becoming glabrescent, purplish, 1--1.2 cm, leafy at apex. Leaf rosettes globose, 0.8--1.5 cm in diam. Leaves sessile, tightly overlapping, dimorphic. Outer leaves dark brown, ligulate to narrowly elliptic, 4--7 X 1.5--2 mm, both surfaces glabrescent or nearly so, sparsely ciliate, apex obtuse to acute; midvein raised abaxially.
Inner leaves numerous, ligulate-oblong to ligulate-oblanceolate, 5--6 X 1--1.5 mm, abaxially densely white lanate on distal 1/2, adaxially glabrescent or pubescent near apex, apex obtuse. Scapes solitary, 1--4 cm, sparsely sericeous; umbels 4--8-flowered, densely long white sericeous; bracts linear to narrowly lanceolate, 3--5 mm.
Pedicel ca. as long as to slightly longer than bracts. Calyx ca. 3 mm, parted nearly to middle; lobes ovate-oblong, long ciliate, apex obtuse. Corolla purple, with a yellow eye, 6--8 mm in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, margin obscurely undulate, apex rounded. Fl. Jun-Jul.
雪球點地梅生活習性
生長於海拔3100-5100米山坡草地。
雪球點地梅分布範圍
國外分布:西喜馬拉雅山區。
國內分布:西藏自治區。
分類文獻
Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand. -Mazz. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 15: 279. 1927; C. M. Hu et Y. C. Yang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 24: 228. 1986.——Androsace villosa var. robusta R. Knuth in Engl. Pflanzern. 22 (IV-237): 192. 1905. includ. f. longiscapa R. Knuth. ——Androsace muscoidea Ruby f. longiscapa (R. Knuth). Hand. -Mazz. l. c. 16: 163. 1931; S. Gould in Hara et. Williams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 63. 1982.