长萼亚麻
长萼亚麻 |
中文学名:长萼亚麻 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:亚麻目 科:亚麻科 属:亚麻属 种:长萼亚麻 |
长萼亚麻,一年生草本,高10-30厘米。分布于新疆西部和西南部。生于沙质或砂砾质河滩、平原荒漠或低山草原。中亚各国和哈萨克斯坦有分布。采收和储藏:夏季可采收,洗净,鲜用或晒干。 [1]
目录
长萼亚麻形态特征
一年生草本,高10-30厘米。根为直根,灰白色,纤细。茎单一,直立,光滑或被星散柔毛,中部以上假二叉状分枝,或茎多数而基部仰卧。
叶互生或散生,无柄;叶片狭披针形,长10-15毫米,宽1-2毫米,先端渐尖成芒状或钝,两面几无毛,边缘具微牙齿,1脉。
花单生叶腋或与叶对生,有时散生茎上,常在茎上部集为聚伞状;花多数;苞片与叶同型,稍短;花梗与叶片近等长或稍短,直立;萼片披针形,长4-6毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,长于蒴果近两倍,具一条凸起的中脉,下部边缘具腺毛;
花瓣黄色,倒长卵形,长6-8毫米,宽约2毫米,先端钝圆,基部渐狭成爪;雌、雄蕊同长。
蒴果圆卵形,黄褐色,长2-3毫米,宽约1.5毫米。种子卵状椭圆形,长约1毫米,亮黄褐色,光滑。花期5-6月,果期6-7月 。[2]
Linum corymbulosum Reichb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 834. 1832; Juz. in Schischk. et Bobr. Fl. URSS, 14: 128. 1949; И. И. РолДУЗИН В Лолов, ФЛ. Казахст. 6: 28. 1963.
Annuals 10-30 cm tall. Taproot pale, slender. Stems simple, erect, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, corymbosely branched apically from middle or sometimes branched at base and decumbent. Leaves alternate, narrowly lanceolate, 1-1.5 cm × 1-2 mm, nearly glabrous, 1-veined from base, margin slightly denticulate, apex acuminate to obtuse. Flowers axillary or opposite a leaf, solitary or in broad cymes, homostylous. Pedicel subequaling leaves or slightly shorter, erect. Sepals lanceolate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 mm, 2 × as long as capsules, 1-veined, basal margin glandular-ciliate. Petals yellow, long obovate, 6-8 × ca. 2 mm, base gradually narrowed into claw, apex obtuse. Capsule pale yellowish brown, globose-ovoid, 2-3 × ca. 1.5 mm. Seeds pale yellowish brown, elliptic, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
Sandy and gravelly floodplains, flat areas in deserts or on low mountains. Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia; N Africa, SW Asia, Europe].
长萼亚麻生长环境
生长于沙质或砂砾质河滩、平原荒漠或低山草原。