長葉百蕊草

長葉百蕊草
植物智的圖片

中文學名:長葉百蕊草拉丁學名:Thesium longifolium Turcz. ex Ledeb. 界:植物界門:被子植物門綱:雙子葉植物綱亞綱:原始花被亞綱目:檀香目亞目:檀香亞目科:檀香科族:百蕊草族屬:百蕊草屬亞屬:百蕊草組是否引種栽培:否

長葉百蕊草(cháng yè bǎi ruǐ cǎo)，學名：Thesium longifolium Turcz.，異名：Thesium vlassovianum Thesium longifolium var. vlassovianum ，檀香科，多年生草本植物，高約50厘米；莖簇生，有明顯的縱溝。葉無柄，線形，花黃白色，鍾狀，有細條紋；小苞片2枚，狹披針形，堅果近球形或橢圓狀，花果期6-7月。產於中國北部和東北部各省區，西至雲南，南至江蘇。生長於海拔1200-2000米砂壤草甸。全草名為九仙草，可入藥，主感冒，中暑，小兒肺炎，驚風。（概述圖片來源：中國植物圖像庫） ^[1]

長葉百蕊草形態特徵

多年生草本，高約50厘米；莖簇生，有明顯的縱溝。葉無柄，線形，長4-4.5厘米，寬2.5毫米，兩端漸尖，有3脈。總狀花序腋生或頂生；

花黃白色，鍾狀，長4-5毫米；花梗長0.6-2厘米，有細條紋；苞片1枚，線形，長1厘米；小苞片2枚，狹披針形，長約4.5毫米，邊緣均粗糙；

花被5裂，裂片狹披針形，頂端銳尖，內彎；雄蕊5，插生於裂片基部，內藏；花柱內藏，子房柄長0.5毫米。

堅果近球形或橢圓狀，黃綠色，長3.5-4毫米，表面偶有分叉的縱脈（棱），宿存花被比果短。花果期6-7月。

Thesium longifolium var. vlassovianum A. Candolle; T. vlassovianum (A. Candolle) Trautvetter [not 「classovianum」].

Herbs perennial. Stems caespitose, ascending, ca. 50 cm, with evident furrows. Leaves sessile, linear, 40-45 × ca. 2.5 mm, 3-veined, base attenuate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemelike, usually sparsely or not branched, with 1 flower per axil; bracts inserted at top of pedicel, linear, ca. 10 mm; pedicel 6-20 mm, finely striate; bracteoles 2, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 4.5 mm, margin rugose.

Perianth 5-merous, yellowish white, campanulate, 4-5 mm, lobes narrowly lanceolate, apex acute, incurved. Stamens 5, inserted on the base of lobes, not exserted. Ovary stalk ca. 0.5 mm. Style not exserted. Nutlet yellowish green, subglobose or ellipsoid, 3.5-4 mm, sometimes with forked longitudinal veins (or ridges); persistent perianth shorter than fruit; stalk not reflexed when fruit mature. Fl. and fr. Jun-Jul.

Grassy marshlands; 1200-2000 m. Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Mongolia, Russia].

分類文獻

Thesium longifolium Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 25 (2) :469. 1852; Hand. -Mazz. Sym. Sin. 7 (1) : 157. 1929; E. Boborov in Fl. URSS. 5:423. t. 24, f. 12. 1936; 郝景盛, 植物分類學報1 (3-4) : 339. 1951. ——Th. classovianum Fisch. ex Trautr. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 9(1) : 153. 1884.