酸腳杆
酸腳杆 |
中文名:酸腳杆 拉丁學名:Medinilla lanceata 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 目:桃金娘目 Myrtiflorae 科:野牡丹科 Melastomataceae 屬:酸腳杆屬 Medinilla 種:酸腳杆 |
酸腳杆(suān jiǎo gān),學名 Medinilla lanceata (Nayar) C. Chen,異名:Pseudodissochaeta lanceata Medinilla radiciflora,是桃金娘目、野牡丹科、酸腳杆屬大灌木或小喬木植物,高2-5米。生長於海拔420-1000米的山谷、山坡疏、密林中蔭濕的地方。 產於中國雲南(南部)、海南島。 [1]
目錄
酸腳杆形態特徵
酸腳杆 小枝鈍四棱形,以後圓柱形,樹皮木栓化,縱裂。葉片紙質,披針形至卵狀披針形,頂端尾狀漸尖,基部圓形或鈍,長15-24厘米,寬3-5.5厘米;
邊緣具疏細淺鋸齒或近全緣,3或5基出脈,5脈時外側2脈細且近葉緣,兩面無毛或僅背面被微柔毛,略被糠秕,葉面中脈下凹,兩側基出脈微凸;
側脈不明顯,背面基出脈、側脈隆起;葉柄長5-10毫米,有時略被柔毛。由聚傘花序組成圓錐花序,着生於老莖或根莖的節上,長8-25厘米,寬6-22厘米,被微柔毛;
苞片極小,卵形,花梗長約4毫米,與花萼均被微柔毛;花萼鐘形,具不明顯的棱,長5.5-6毫米,密布小突起,邊緣淺波狀,裂片不明顯,成小突尖頭;
花瓣4,扁廣卵形(花蕾時),頂端鈍或圓形,長約4.5毫米,寬約6毫米;雄蕊8,幾等長,花絲長約2毫米,花葯長約7毫米,基部具小瘤,藥隔基部下延呈距;子房下位,卵形,4室,頂端具4齒。
果壇形,長約8毫米,直徑約7毫米,密布小突起,被微柔毛;種子短楔形,具疏小突起。花期約8月,果期4月或10月。
Pseudodissochaeta lanceata M. P. Nayar, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65: 563. 1968; Medinilla radiciflora C. Y. Wu.
Shrubs or trees, 2-5 m tall. Branches obtusely 4-sided but later terete; bark corky, longitudinally shedding. Petiole 8-10 mm, slightly pilose; leaf blade lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 15-24 × 3-5.5 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially puberulous and slight furfuraceous, secondary veins 1 or 2 on each side of midvein, base rounded to obtuse, margin sparsely shallow serrulate to subentire, apex caudate-acuminate.
Inflorescences inserted on leafless stems or on root stock, cymose paniculate, 15-25 cm, puberulous. Pedicel ca. 4 mm, puberulous. Hypanthium campanulate, 5-6 mm, minutely tuberculate. Calyx lobes inconspicuous, apiculate.
Petals broadly ovate, ca. 4.5 × 6 mm, apex obtuse to rounded. Stamens 8, subequal; filaments ca. 7 mm, base tuberculate; connective decurrent, forming a spur. Ovary ovoid, 4-celled, apex 4-dentate. Berry urceolate, ca. 8 × 7 mm, minutely tuberculate, puberulous. Seeds shortly cuneate, scattered small tuberculate. Fl. Aug, fr. Apr or Oct.
分類文獻
Medinilla lanceata (Nayar) C. Chen,植物分類學報21 (4); 421. 1983. ——Anplectrum sp. Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 138. 1928; Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 5: 144. 1940, in nota ——M. radiciflora C. Y. Wu ex C. Chen, 雲南植物志2: 133. 圖版32, 1-5. 1979——Pseudodissochaeta lanceata Nayar in Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. 65: 563. f. 3. 1969.
酸腳杆分布範圍
酸腳杆主要價值
酸腳杆 食用價值:果可食。