舌肌

舌肌的肌肉被命名為內在肌(Intrinsic)。

目錄

原理

內在肌纖維分前後、左右、上下三種不同方向而相互交織著。外在肌(Extrinsic)(頦舌肌 genioglossus、舌骨舌肌 Hyoglossus、莖突舌肌 Styloglossus、及齶舌肌 Palatoglossus)起始於舌外但終止於舌內。外在肌及內在肌提供了對講話、咀嚼、吞嚥之相當大範圍的運動 。

舌肌
原圖鏈接  

結構

內源肌 Intrinsic tongue muscles:

上縱肌(Superior longitudinal muscles of tongue)負責將舌和舌尖上提。

Superior longitudinal muscles of tongue are responsible for elevating the tongue or tongue tip.

下縱肌(Inferior longitudinal muscles of tongue) 則負責將舌和舌尖下移。

Inferior longitudinal muscles of tongue are responsible for depressing.

橫走肌(Transverse muscle of tongue)使舌保持平坦並可將舌彎成槽狀，當其收縮時，舌便窄變長。。

Transverse muscle of tongue can flatten the tongue and is responsible for cupping and grooving of the tongue.

垂直肌 (Vertical muscle of tongue)能讓舌頭變扁變寬。

Vertical muscle of tongue can narrow the tongue.

　

外源肌 Extrinsic tongue muscles:

頦舌骨肌(Genioglossus muscles)能使整個舌頭靈活地活動，無論是收縮、吐出或使之下降。

Genioglossus muscles are responsible for tongue body movement and cupping of the tongue. They can retract, protrude, and depress the tongue.

舌骨舌肌(Hyoglossus muscles)負責將舌下壓和提升舌骨。

Hyoglossus muscles are responsible for depressing the tongue and elevating hyoid.

莖突舌肌(Styloglossus muscles)牽引舌向上向後，也可將舌骨及喉頭上提。

Styloglossus muscles are responsible for elevating the posterior of the tongue. They also can elevate hyoid and larynx.

小角舌肌(Chondroglossus muscles)可將舌下移。

Chondroglossus muscles are responsible for depressing the tongue.

舌顎肌(Palatoglossus muscles)負責將舌的後方提升，也可使咽部變窄。當其收縮時，舌捲成管狀以利吸吮 Palatoglossus muscles are responsible for elevating the posterior of the tongue. They also can narrow fauces.。