类四腺柳
类四腺柳 |
中文名:类四腺柳 学 名:Salix paratetradenia C. Wang et P. Y. Fu 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:杨柳目 科:杨柳科 属:柳属 种:类四腺柳 |
类四腺柳,杨柳科柳属的植物,为中国的特有植物。分布于中国大陆的西藏等地,生长于海拔2,500米至4,300米的地区,多生长在河流旁、泥石流的沙石滩上、山坡灌丛和林缘,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
目录
类四腺柳形态特征
灌木,高可达5米。枝黑褐色或灰褐色,当年生枝有毛,老枝无毛。
叶长椭圆形,椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形,长2.5-6厘米,宽1.5-2.5(3)厘米,先端圆形,稍尖)稀微凹,上面绿色,下面淡绿色或带白色,两面无毛,或仅中脉基部有柔毛,全缘;叶柄长2-9(15)毫米,被毛。
花与叶同时开放,花序梗短,有2-3小叶,轴有密长柔毛;雄花序长2.5-3.5(4)厘米,粗约6毫米;雄蕊2,花丝离生,下部有长柔毛;苞片倒卵形或近圆形,先端近圆形或有浅齿,黄绿色,外面有长毛或上部无毛,内面无毛或近无毛,边缘有长毛;腺体2-(1),腹腺卵状圆柱形,长约为苞片的1/2-2/3,背腺较小,或缺,雌花序长2.5-4厘米,粗4-6(7)毫米;
子房卵形或卵状圆锥形,无毛或基部有毛,有短柄,花柱明显,柱头2裂;苞片与雄花同,腹腺1(2),与苞片近等长。
果序长达5.5厘米;蒴果无毛,长3毫米。花期4月下旬-5月上旬。 [2]
Salix paratetradenia C. Wang et P. Y. Fu,植物分类学报, 12: 202. 图版9: 18. 1974;西藏植物名录, 47. 1980.
Shrubs to 5 m tall. Branchlets blackish brown or grayish brown; juvenile branchlets pilose, glabrescent. Petiole 2-9(-15) mm, pilose; leaf blade oblong-elliptic, elliptic, long obovate-elliptic, or long elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5-6 × 1.5-2.5(-3) cm, abaxially greenish or whitish, adaxially green, both surfaces glabrous or downy at base of midvein, base rounded or attenuate, margin entire, apex rounded or slightly acute, rarely retuse. Flowering coetaneous. Catkins 2.5-3.5(-4) cm × 4-6 (-7) mm; peduncle short, with 2 or 3 leaflets; rachis villous; bracts yellowish green, obovate or suborbicular, abaxially villous or glabrous distally, adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, long ciliate, apex subrounded or shallowly dentate. Male flower: adaxial gland ovate-terete, 1/2 to ca. as long as bracts, abaxial gland smaller or absent; stamens 2; filaments free, villous proximally. Fruiting catkin to 5.5 cm. Female flower: adaxial gland 1(or 2), ca. as long as bracts; ovary ovoid or ovoid-conical, glabrous or pilose at base, shortly stipitate; style conspicuous; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun.
类四腺柳生长环境
生于海拔2500-4300米的河流旁或泥石流的沙石滩上,山坡灌丛或林缘。