短柄紫金牛
| 短柄紫金牛 |
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中文學名:短柄紫金牛 二名法:Ardisia silvestris 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:杜鵑花目 科:紫金牛科 屬:紫金牛屬 分布區域:海南島 |
短柄紫金牛（學名：Ardisia silvestris）為紫金牛科紫金牛屬下的一個種。 [1]
目錄
短柄紫金牛形態特徵
小灌木，具匍匐莖，逐節生根；直立莖不分枝，粗6-10毫米，高50-70厘米，密布大的葉痕，被銹色柔毛。
葉通常聚集於莖頂端或近輪生，葉片堅紙質，倒披針形或倒卵形或橢圓形，頂端廣急尖或鈍，基部漸狹，楔形或下延成寬翅，長20-40厘米，寬6-12.6厘米，邊緣具密齧蝕狀齒，齒具小尖頭，幼時葉面被微柔毛，中脈被硬毛，以後幾無毛，背面於脈上密被銹色長硬毛，脈明顯，隆起，有時幾無腺點，側脈25-35對，不成邊緣脈；幾無柄，柄具寬翅。
由傘形花序組成的狹圓錐花序，長約10厘米，被長硬毛或微柔毛，具傘形花序4-6個；花梗長5-8 (-10) 毫米，被銹色硬毛；花長3-4厘米，花萼僅基部連合，萼片卵形，頂端急尖，長1.5毫米，被微柔毛，具緣毛及腺點；花瓣廣橢圓狀卵形，具腺點，無毛；雄蕊較花瓣略短，花葯卵形，背部無腺點；雌蕊與花瓣等長，子房卵珠形，被柔毛。
果球形，直徑7-8毫米，紅色，無腺點，被柔毛。
花期約4月，果期約12月。
Subshrubs to shrubs, stoloniferous, 50-70 cm. Branchlets terete, succulent, 7-10 mm in diam., hirsute-tomentose with simple stramineous hairs. Leaves pseudoverticillate; petiole deeply canaliculate, broadly winged by decurrent blade, up to 2 cm; leaf blade oblanceolate or obovate, rarely elliptic, 20-40 × 6-12.6 cm, papery, base attenuate or cuneate, margin pectinate-dentate, teeth apiculate, apex broadly acute or obtuse; midrib hirsute adaxially when young, glabrescent, stramineous hirsute abaxially; lateral veins ca. 25-35 on each side of midrib, marginal vein absent. Inflorescences axillary panicles, branches in umbels, ca. 10 cm, appressed long hirsute and puberulent. Flowers papery, pink or red, 3-4 mm. Pedicel 5-8(-10) mm, reddish hirsute. Sepals ovate, 1.3-1.5 mm, puberulent, punctate, margin ciliate, apex acute. Petals nearly free, broadly elliptic or ovate, black punctate, glabrous, margin entire, apex obtuse or rounded. Stamens subequalling petals; filaments obsolete; anthers ovate, not punctate dorsally, apex acute. Pistil subequalling petals; ovary puberulent; ovules 4-5(-7), uniseriate. Fruit red, globose, 7-8 mm in diam., pubescent, pellucid punctate. Fl. Apr, fr. Dec.
Dense broad-leaved forests, hillsides, valleys, dark damp places, along streams, rock crevices. Hainan [Vietnam]
短柄紫金牛生長環境
短柄紫金牛生長于山間密林下，蔭濕的地方或水旁、石縫間陽處。