星毛金錦香
| 星毛金錦香 |
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中文名:星毛金錦香 拼 音:xīng máo jīn jǐn xiāng 學 名:Osbeckia stellata Ham. ex D. Don: C. B. Clarke 別 稱:響鈴果、闊葉金錦香、 倒水蓮、公石榴等 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae 目:桃金娘目 Myrtiflorae 科:野牡丹科 Melastomataceae 亞 科:野牡丹亞科 Melastomatoideae 族:野牡丹族 Trib. Melastomateae 屬:金錦香屬 Osbeckia 組:長喙組 Sect. Ceramicalyx 種:星毛金錦香 |
星毛金錦香(xīng máo jīn jǐn xiāng，學名 Osbeckia stellata Ham. ex D. Don: C. B. Clarke ，俗名：響鈴果、闊葉金錦香、倒水蓮、公石榴、大金鐘、線雞腿、罐子草、高腳紅缸、朝天罐、阿不答石、九果根、小尾光葉、張天師、茶罐花、罐罐花、痢疾罐、盅盅花、假朝天罐、朝天罐、濕生金錦香、三葉金錦香、禿金錦香、響鈴金錦香、棍毛金錦香，異名：Osbeckia crinita Osbeckia opipara Osbeckia paludosa Osbeckia mairei Osbeckia rostrata Osbeckia pulchra Osbeckia sikkimensis Osbeckia rhopalotricha Osbeckia yunnanensis Osbeckia robusta Melastoma mairei Osbeckia stellata var. crinita Osbeckia crinita var. yunnanensis )，為野牡丹科、金錦香屬灌木，產貢山、福貢等地，四川亦有。 [1]
目錄
星毛金錦香形態特徵
星毛金錦香
灌木，高1-1.5米；莖四棱形，被密或疏平貼的糙伏毛，分枝多。
葉片紙質，披針形至卵狀披針形，稀卵形，頂端漸尖，基部鈍或近圓形，長6-10厘米，寬1.8-3.4厘米，有時長6-9.2厘米，寬2.5-4厘米，全緣或具微細的不明顯的細鋸齒，具緣毛，兩面被糙伏毛，5基出脈，葉面基出脈下凹，脈上無毛，側脈不明顯，背面基出脈、側脈明顯，隆起，僅脈上被毛；葉柄長5-11(-18)毫米，密被糙伏毛。
聚傘花序，生於小枝頂端，近頭狀或圓錐狀，長可達7厘米；苞片廣卵形，長8-10毫米，具刺毛狀緣毛，背面被糙伏毛；花梗極短，被糙伏毛; 花萼長約2厘米，被刺毛狀篦狀毛及少數具柄星狀毛，毛常平貼，裂片廣披針形或狹三角形，頂端長漸尖，長約8毫米，背面被糙伏毛及疏緣毛；花瓣紫紅色或粉紅色，卵形，頂端急尖，長1-1.3厘米，全緣，無緣毛；雄蕊常偏向1側，花絲較花葯短，花葯頂端具喙，喙長約為花葯長的1/3，藥隔基部膨大，後方下延呈短距；子房卵形，頂端有1圈剛毛，其餘被糙伏毛。
蒴果卵形，4縱裂，長約1厘米，直徑約5毫米，頂端具剛毛，其餘被糙伏毛；宿存萼壇狀，長1.2-1.5厘米，頂端平截，具縱肋，近上部縊縮成頸，毛常脫落，中部以下具向上平貼的刺毛狀篦狀毛。
花期8-9月，果期9-10月。
Osbeckia sikkimensis Craib in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 10: 56. 1917; Hara in Hara et Williams Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 170. 1979.——O. crinita auct. non Benth. ex C. B. Clarke: Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 14: 72. 1850; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 517. 1879, p. p. H. L. Li in Journ. Arn. Arb. 25: 4. 1944, quoad. speclm. H. T. Tsai 58937, err. 58963——O. stellata. Ham. ex D. Don var. crinita C. Hansen in Ginkgoana 4: 31. 1977, p. p.——O. stellata auct. non Ham. ex D. Don: C. Chen, 雲南植物志2: 84. 圖版23, 9-10. 1979, excl. fig. 11. et in Guihaia 2 (4): 187.1982.
Herbs or shrublets, 0.2-1.5(-2.5) m, erect. Stems 4(or 6)-sided, sparsely or densely patently strigose or velutinous. Leaves opposite or 3 verticillate; petiole 2-10(-15) mm, strigose or velutinous; leaf blade oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic, 4-9(-13) × 2-3.5(-5) cm, stiffly papery, both surfaces strigose or also velutinous, secondary veins 2 on each side of midvein, tertiary veins inconspicuous, base obtuse to subcordate, margin entire and ciliate, apex acute or acuminate. Inflorescences terminal racemose or panicled cymose, 4-22 cm; bracts 2, ovate, ca. 4 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, margin setiform ciliate. Pedicel short or absent. Hypanthium usually purple to dark purple, 1-2.3 cm, with several rows of up to 2.5 mm setiform stellate trichomes on stalks. Calyx lobes 4, linear-lanceolate to subulate, 0.8-1.2 cm, caducous in fruit, margin ciliate. Petals 4, pink to purple, obovate, 1.5-2 cm, margin ciliate. Stamens 8, inclined to one side; filaments ± equal to anther lengths; anthers narrowly lanceolate, long-beaked; connective slightly inflated at base, abaxially slightly inflated, adaxially spurred. Ovary ovoid, 4-celled, apex setose. Capsule long urceolate, contracted at middle, 1.0-1.6(-2) × 0.5-0.8 cm, with rows of setiform stellate trichomes on stalks, ± glabrous in old specimens or basally setose, apically glabrous. Fl. Jul-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec.
星毛金錦香生長環境
海拔1700—2000米的溝邊灌木叢、山坡林緣開朗陽處。