異葉蒴蓮
| 異葉蒴蓮 |
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中文學名:異葉蒴蓮 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 亞 目:山茶亞目 科:西番蓮科 屬:蒴蓮屬 |
異葉蒴蓮(yì yè shuò lián)，拉丁文名：Adenia heterophylla (Bl.) Koord. 西番蓮科、蒴蓮屬草質藤本，莖圓柱形，光滑，具條紋。基部寬截形或寬心形，中間裂片寬披針形，全緣，無毛，兩側裂片鐮刀形，略短於中間裂片；葉柄長約2厘米，被微毛，無毛。蒴果下垂或彎曲，具長梗，倒卵球形，猩紅色，室背開裂，外果皮革質，內面帶白色；種子多數，扁平、近圓形，假種皮邊緣膜質並具不規則鋸齒。 圖片均取自中國植物圖庫 [1]
目錄
異葉蒴蓮形態特徵
異葉蒴蓮 草質藤本，長約40厘米；莖圓柱形，光滑，具條紋。
葉長約11厘米，寬約10厘米，基部寬截形或寬心形，掌狀3裂，中間裂片寬披針形，長約10厘米，寬約2.2厘米，全緣，無毛，兩側裂片鐮刀形，略短於中間裂片；葉柄長約2厘米，被微毛，頂端與葉背基部之間具2個圓而扁平的腺體。
聚傘花序有1-2花；花梗長3-6厘米，無毛。蒴果下垂或彎曲，具長梗，倒卵球形，長約6厘米，直徑約4.5厘米，猩紅色，4-5室，室背開裂，外果皮革質，內面帶白色；
種子多數，扁平、近圓形，假種皮邊緣膜質並具不規則鋸齒。 [2]
Adenia heterophylla (Bl.) Koord. in Exk. Fl. Java 2: 637. 1912; Wilde Thesis 216. 1971; S. Y. Bao in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22 (1): 63. 1984.
Modecca heterophylla Blume, Bijdr. 940. 1826; Adenia chevalieri Gagnepain; A. maclurei Merrill; A. parviflora (Blanco) Cusset; A. populifolia K. Schumann & Lauterbach (1900), not Engler (1891); Modecca formosana Hayata; Passiflora parviflora Blanco.
Canopy lianas, to 30 m long. Roots fleshy, thickened. Stems terete, to 5 cm in diam.; internodes 2-20 cm; tendrils (3-forked or) simple, to 25 cm. Stipules flattened-triangular, ca. 1 mm; petiole 1-10 cm, glands at blade-petiole junction 2, on concave 2-4 mm in diam. auriculate extensions at apex of petiole in mature leaves, 1-3 mm in diam.; leaf blade ovate to lanceolate, membranous to leathery, glands often present, dotlike, base of mature leaf oblong, unlobed or (2 or)3-lobed with distal 1/3 of leaf often slightly constricted from slight lobation, margin entire to serrate, apex acute to acuminate. Plants (monoecious or) dioecious. Inflorescences often with tendril emerging from center, peduncle to 20 cm, to 40-flowered in males, 2-4-flowered in females; bracts and bracteoles narrowly triangular, ca. 1 mm, apex acute. Pedicel 0.5-13 mm. Flowers tubiform-urceolate, 15-25 × 2-5 mm, including stipe 1-15 mm. Hypanthium urceolate to cupuliform, wall fleshy-leathery, ca. 0.5 mm thick, 3-6 mm deep. Calyx tube 2-3 mm; lobes reflexed, triangular, 1-3 mm, rounded to acute, entire. Petals oblanceolate to triangular, 2-4 × 0.5-1 mm, red punctate, base hastate, apex entire to undulate, rounded to acute. Septa 0.25-3 mm high. Corona absent. Disk glands linear, to 3 mm high, truncate. Male flowers: filaments 1-4 mm, connate up to 2 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium; anthers ca. 3 × 1 mm, acute, up to 0.5 mm apiculate; vestigial ovary ca. 1 mm, gynophore to 1 mm. Female flowers: staminodes 1-3 mm, connate to 1 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium; ovary subglobose to oblong, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm; gynophore ca. 3 mm; style arms ca. 1 mm, free or connate for ca. 0.5 mm; stigmas globose, papillate. Capsules 1-3 per inflorescence, outside deep red at dehiscence, ellipsoid, fruit body to 13 cm, with gynophore to 3 cm, fruit wall leathery. Seeds to 60 per capsule, orbicular; funicles of seeds 5-15 mm. Fl. and fr. throughout year, primarily during wet periods.
異葉蒴蓮生長環境
生長於海拔240米的林邊潮濕地。