小漆樹
| 小漆樹 |
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中文學名:小漆樹 拉丁學名:Toxicodendron delavayi (Franch.) F . A . Barkl. 界:動物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:無患子目 科:漆樹科 屬:漆屬 種:小漆樹 |
小漆樹，學名 Toxicodendron delavayi (Franch.) F . A . Barkl.，漆樹屬植物，中藥。小漆樹是漆樹科漆屬下植物，主要分布在雲南、四川（西南部）。
目錄
形態特徵
小灌木，高0.5-2米；樹皮灰褐色，具橢圓形突起小皮孔，幼枝紫色，常被白粉，無毛。奇數羽狀複葉長達13厘米，有小葉2-4對，無毛；葉柄長3.5-5厘米；小葉對生，紙質，卵狀披針形或披針形，較小，長3.5-5.5厘米，寬1.2-2.5厘米，先端急尖或漸尖，基部略偏斜，闊楔形或圓形，全緣或上半部具疏鋸齒，兩面無毛，葉背被白粉，側脈12-16對，兩面突起，小葉具短柄，長1-2毫米或近無柄。
花序總狀，比葉短，長6-8.5厘米，無毛，總梗纖細，長4-5厘米；苞片披針形，長約1毫米；花小，淡黃色，徑約2毫米；花梗長約1毫米；花萼無毛，裂片三角形，先端鈍，長約0.8毫米，具1-3條褐色脈紋；花瓣長圓形，先端鈍，長約2毫米，其褐色羽狀脈；雄蕊長約1.5毫米，花絲鑽形，與花葯等長，花葯長圓形，花盤10裂；子房卵圓形，徑約1毫米，無毛。
核果斜卵形，略壓扁，徑約6毫米，無毛，具光澤，果核淡黃色，堅硬。
Toxicodendron delavayi (Franch.) F. A. Barkl. in Ann. Midl. Nat. 24: 680. 1940, in obs.; 雲南植物志2: 405. 1979.——Rhus delavayi Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Franc. 33: 466. 1886, et Pl. Delav. 148. 1889, et in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 7: 262. 1912; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 183. 1914; Band.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 636. 1933; 陳嶸, 中國樹木分類學645. 1937; 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 636,圖3001. 1972.
Shrubs, 0.5-2 m tall; branchlets purplish red, often glaucous, glabrous; buds glabrous or minutely pubescent. Petiole 3.5-5 cm; leaf blade imparipinnately compound, to 13 cm; leaflets 5-11, opposite; leaflet petiolule 1-2 mm; leaflet blade ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3.5-9 × 0.5-2.5 cm, papery, sparsely pubescent when newly formed to eventually glabrous on both surfaces, base ± oblique, broadly cuneate or rounded, margin entire to sparsely serrate distally, apex acute to acuminate, lateral veins 12-16 pairs, prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence racemose, 6-8.5 cm, glabrous; peduncle slender, 4-5 cm; floral subtending bracts lanceolate, ca. 1 mm. Pedicel ca. 1 mm; flowers light yellow, ca. 2 mm in diam. Calyx glabrous, lobes triangular, ca. 0.8 mm, obtuse apically. Petals oblong, ca. 2 mm, with brown featherlike venation pattern. Stamens ca. 1.5 mm; filaments linear, equal to anthers in length; anthers oblong. Disk 10-lobed. Ovary ovoid, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrous. Drupe oblique, slightly compressed, ca. 6 mm in diam., glabrous, lucid.
● Hill and mountain forests, thickets; 1100-2500 m. SW Sichuan, C and N Yunnan.
1 Leaflets 9-11 or more; buds and newly formed leaflets sparsely pubescent. 12c var. quinquejugum 多葉小漆樹 + Leaflets 5-9; buds and leaflets glabrous (2)
2(1) Leaflets ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3.5-5.5 × 1.2-2.5 cm, base slightly oblique. 12a var. delavayi 小漆樹(原變種) + Leaflets narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 4-9 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base conspicuously oblique.
生長環境
生於海拔1100-2500米的陽坡林下或灌叢中。