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小漆樹

中文學名:小漆樹

拉丁學名:Toxicodendron delavayi

(Franch.) F . A . Barkl.

界:動物界

門:被子植物門

綱:雙子葉植物綱

目:無患子目

科:漆樹科

屬:漆屬

種:小漆樹

分布區域:雲南四川

小漆樹,學名 Toxicodendron delavayi (Franch.) F . A . Barkl.,漆樹屬植物,中藥。小漆樹是漆樹科漆屬下植物,主要分布在雲南四川(西南部)。

目錄

形態特徵

小灌木,高0.5-2米;樹皮灰褐色,具橢圓形突起小皮孔,幼枝紫色,常被白粉,無毛。奇數羽狀複葉長達13厘米,有小葉2-4對,無毛;葉柄長3.5-5厘米;小葉對生,紙質,卵狀披針形或披針形,較小,長3.5-5.5厘米,寬1.2-2.5厘米,先端急尖或漸尖,基部略偏斜,闊楔形或圓形,全緣或上半部具疏鋸齒,兩面無毛,葉背被白粉,側脈12-16對,兩面突起,小葉具短柄,長1-2毫米或近無柄。

花序總狀,比葉短,長6-8.5厘米,無毛,總梗纖細,長4-5厘米;苞片披針形,長約1毫米;花小,淡黃色,徑約2毫米;花梗長約1毫米;花萼無毛,裂片三角形,先端鈍,長約0.8毫米,具1-3條褐色脈紋;花瓣長圓形,先端鈍,長約2毫米,其褐色羽狀脈;雄蕊長約1.5毫米,花絲鑽形,與花葯等長,花葯長圓形,花盤10裂;子房卵圓形,徑約1毫米,無毛。

核果斜卵形,略壓扁,徑約6毫米,無毛,具光澤,果核淡黃色,堅硬。

Toxicodendron delavayi (Franch.) F. A. Barkl. in Ann. Midl. Nat. 24: 680. 1940, in obs.; 雲南植物志2: 405. 1979.——Rhus delavayi Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Franc. 33: 466. 1886, et Pl. Delav. 148. 1889, et in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 7: 262. 1912; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 183. 1914; Band.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 636. 1933; 陳嶸, 中國樹木分類學645. 1937; 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 636,圖3001. 1972.

Shrubs, 0.5-2 m tall; branchlets purplish red, often glaucous, glabrous; buds glabrous or minutely pubescent. Petiole 3.5-5 cm; leaf blade imparipinnately compound, to 13 cm; leaflets 5-11, opposite; leaflet petiolule 1-2 mm; leaflet blade ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3.5-9 × 0.5-2.5 cm, papery, sparsely pubescent when newly formed to eventually glabrous on both surfaces, base ± oblique, broadly cuneate or rounded, margin entire to sparsely serrate distally, apex acute to acuminate, lateral veins 12-16 pairs, prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence racemose, 6-8.5 cm, glabrous; peduncle slender, 4-5 cm; floral subtending bracts lanceolate, ca. 1 mm. Pedicel ca. 1 mm; flowers light yellow, ca. 2 mm in diam. Calyx glabrous, lobes triangular, ca. 0.8 mm, obtuse apically. Petals oblong, ca. 2 mm, with brown featherlike venation pattern. Stamens ca. 1.5 mm; filaments linear, equal to anthers in length; anthers oblong. Disk 10-lobed. Ovary ovoid, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrous. Drupe oblique, slightly compressed, ca. 6 mm in diam., glabrous, lucid.

● Hill and mountain forests, thickets; 1100-2500 m. SW Sichuan, C and N Yunnan.

1 Leaflets 9-11 or more; buds and newly formed leaflets sparsely pubescent. 12c var. quinquejugum 多葉小漆樹 + Leaflets 5-9; buds and leaflets glabrous (2)

2(1) Leaflets ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3.5-5.5 × 1.2-2.5 cm, base slightly oblique. 12a var. delavayi 小漆樹(原變種) + Leaflets narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 4-9 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base conspicuously oblique.

生長環境

生於海拔1100-2500米的陽坡林下或灌叢中。

分布範圍

雲南四川(西南部);模式標本采自雲南鶴慶

參考來源