雲南刺籬木
| 雲南刺籬木 |
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中文學名:雲南刺籬木 拉丁學名:Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 科:大風子科 屬:刺籬木屬 |
雲南刺籬木(yún nán cì lí mù)，拉丁文名：Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Rauschel. 大風子科、刺籬木屬落葉小喬木或大灌木，產雲南南部（西雙版納）、廣西西部（龍津）、海南南部（崖縣）。生於海拔700-800米的山地雨林、常綠闊葉林中。老撾、越南、泰國、馬來西亞也有分布。 [1]
目錄
雲南刺籬木形態特徵
落葉小喬木或大灌木，高5-10米稀達15米；枝通常無刺，幼枝有單一或分叉的刺，樹皮堅硬，光滑，黃褐色或棕褐色，片狀剝落，無毛或微被短柔毛，皮孔橢圓形至圓形。
葉通常膜質；卵形至卵狀橢圓形稀卵狀披針形，長5-12厘米，寬2-2.5厘米，先端鈍或漸尖，基部楔形至圓形，邊緣全緣或有粗鋸齒，上面有光澤，下面暗綠色，中脈兩面稍突起，側脈3-6對，纖細，斜出，在上面明顯，通常在脈上有短柔毛；葉柄纖細，長4-8毫米，有短柔毛。
聚傘花序，腋生，長1-2厘米，有毛；花白色至淺綠色，有甜味；花梗短，長0.5-1毫米，多少有毛；苞片長約1毫米，全緣，無毛或有睫毛；萼片4-5片，卵狀三角形，長約2毫米，先端漸尖，基部鈍形，邊有睫毛，外面有毛；
雄花：花盤圓形，不連合；雄蕊多數，花絲絲狀，長2-3毫米，無毛，花葯卵形至近圓形；
雌花：花盤稍全緣或多少分離；子房近圓形，長2-3毫米，4-6室，每室有2顆胚珠，花柱4-6，連合，長約1毫米，柱頭極短，稍膨大，2裂，反折。
果實肉質，近球形，淺棕色或紫色，直徑1.5-2.5厘米，有棱，頂端有1個宿存短花柱；種子4-6粒，稀10粒。
花期4-5月，果期5-10月。 [2]
Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Rauschel. in Nomencl. Bot. ed. 3: 290. 1797; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: 105. 1859; Merr. Comm. Lour. 274. 1935; Sleum. in Van Steenis, Fl. Malesiana ser. 1. 5(1): 72, fig. 30. 1954; M. Lescot in Fl. Cambodge Laos et Vietnam 11: 36, Pl. 4: 1-5. 1970; G. S. Fan in Journ. Southwest For. Col. 8(2): 132. 1988. ——Stigmarota jangomas Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 2: 634. 1790. ——Flacourtia catophrcta Roxb. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 830. 1806; Hook. f. et Thoms. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 193. 1872; Kurz. For. Fl. Burma 1: 74. 1887; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 233. 1909.
Large shrubs or small trees, 5-10 m tall, deciduous; trunk and older branches usually unarmed, young branches with simple or divaricate spines; bark yellow-brown, reddish brown, or light brown, flaky; young branches smooth, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, lenticellate. Petiole 4-8 mm, pubescent or glabrescent; leaf blade dark green abaxially, shiny adaxially, in fresh state pinkish to reddish or orange-brown when young, narrowly ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-oblong, rarely oblong-lanceolate or (slightly) obovate-lanceolate, 7-14 × 2-5 cm, thinly leathery to papery, both surfaces practically glabrous, any hairs present very short, midvein slightly raised on both surfaces, lateral veins 3-6 pairs, conspicuous adaxially, base acute, obtuse, or rounded, margin entire or serrate to crenate, apex obtuse or gradually tapering to narrowly acuminate, rarely more abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, racemose; rachis 0.5-2 cm, puberulous. Pedicels 5-10(-15) mm, very slender, minutely and sparsely puberulous or glabrous; bracts ovate, 0.5-1 mm, outside glabrous or sparsely hairy, inside pubescent, margin entire, ciliate. Flowers appearing with or before young leaves, white to greenish, honey-scented. Sepals 4 or 5, ca. 2 mm, ovate-triangular, apex obtuse, outside practically glabrous, inside pubescent, margin ciliate, hairs very short, often barely visible in female flowers. Staminate flowers: stamen filaments 2-3 mm, glabrous. Pistillate flowers: ovary bottle-shaped to globose, 2-3 mm; styles 4-6, united into a distinct column ca. 1 mm, not or slightly free at their apices; stigmas slightly reniform, dilated, recurved. Fruit brownish red or purple, finally blackish, subglobose, fleshy, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., in dried material sometimes constricted at equator, style column persistent. Seeds 4 or 5(-10). Fl. Apr-May, fr. May-Oct.
雲南刺籬木生長環境
生於海拔700-800米的山地雨林、常綠闊葉林中。