烏蒙南星
烏蒙南星 |
中文名:烏蒙南星 別 名: 拉丁學名:Arisaema mairei H. Lév. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:單子葉植物綱 亞 綱:澤瀉亞綱 目:澤瀉目 科:天南星科 族:天南星族 屬:天南星屬 種:烏蒙南星 |
烏蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng,拉丁學名 Arisaema mairei H. Lév.)是一種野生型多年生草本植物,大多生活于山坡林下灌叢下,主要分布在我國的雲南省、四川省等地。[1]
目錄
烏蒙南星形態特徵
Arisaema maireanum Engler; A. wumengense H. Li.
Plants dioecious. Tuber renewed seasonally, dark brown outside, whitish inside, depressed globose, ca. 3 × 4-5 cm.
Cataphylls 2 or 3, greenish with pink and whitish blotches or whitish with brownish apex, 17-18 × ca. 2.7 cm, papery, apex obtuse. Leaves 2;
petiole green but sheathing part often with dark brown short stripes, 30-40 cm, proximal 25-30 cm sheathing into pseudostem, encircled in cataphylls;
leaf blade pedate, 5-7-foliolate or palmate-digitate; leaflets sessile, base connected and closed, light green abaxially, dull green adaxially;
central leaflet subsessile, elliptic to broadly oblong, base acute, apex acute or acuminate; lateral leaflets as central one but somewhat smaller, outermost ones ca. 8 × 3 cm.
Peduncle green, unmarked or with whitish dots, usually shorter than petioles, 33-36 cm. Spathe emerging from pseudostem; tube greenish outside, white inside, unmarked, cylindric, ca. 4 × 1.4-2 cm, smooth, throat slightly recurved, not auriculate;
limb white, unmarked, narrowly ovate, 9-11 × 3.7-5.5 cm, apex acute or acuminate, slightly incurved. Spadix unisexual; female zone greenish, conic, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm; ovary obovoid;
style pyramidal, short; stigma small, papillose; male zone cylindric, 1.5-2 cm × ca. 3 mm; synandria dense, subsessile; anthers 2 or 3, yellowish, thecae globose, dehiscing by apical pores. [2]
Appendix sessile, dark green throughout or whitish in basal 2-3 cm, green in middle ca. 1.5 cm, dull brownish purple distally, cylindric, narrowed distally, ca. 14 cm in total, 3-5 mm in diam., part exserted from spathe tube recurved and pendulous, apex filiform. Fl. Jun-Jul.[3]
生境產地
● Thickets, grassy slopes, riversides; 1900-2000 m. S Sichuan (Huidong), Yunnan (Huize, Luquan).[4]
主要價值
雲台南星 塊莖入藥,外用治無名腫毒初起、面神經麻痹、毒蛇咬傷、神經性皮炎,炙後內服治肺,癰咳嗽(江蘇)。 [5]
本種標本常被誤定為 A. japonicum Blume,但後者附屬器明顯具柄,較粗短,基部光滑無中性花。
常見問題
南星科植物有哪些?
天南星科115屬,2000餘種,廣布於全世界,但92%以上產熱帶,中國有35屬,206種(其中有4屬,20種系引種栽培的),南北均有分布,有些供藥用,有些種類的塊莖含豐富的澱粉供食用,有些供觀賞用。
天南星有毒嗎?
有毒 天南星屬天南星科多年生草本植物,別名一把傘、南星、山苞米、山棒子等,在我國大部分省區都有分布,生于山野陰濕處或叢林之下。天南星植物體各部位均有苦辣澀味,麻口舌感。
天南星種植基地的產品如何?
天南星屬多年生草本植物。別名:南星、禹南星、白南星、掌葉半夏、虎掌南星、異葉天南星、一把傘等,是河南省禹州市的地道中藥材之一。天南星以球狀塊莖供藥用。近年來由於野生資源少,用量大,人工栽培少。
天南星價格是多少
大的要55-60元 小的10-15元 天南星功效: 【性味歸經】苦、辛,溫;有毒。歸肺、肝、脾經。該物種為中國植物圖譜數據庫收錄的有毒植物。
參考來源
- ↑ 烏蒙南星, 植物智, 2020-01-18
- ↑ Arisaema 200027218 Arisaema lingyunense 凌雲南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027219 Arisaema lobatum 花南星 FOC Vol. 23 242304196 Arisaema mairei 烏蒙南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027221...
- ↑ 烏蒙南星 Arisaema mairei 烏蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng)PPBCCVHColDuocetCFHeFlorasEOLTPLIPNIBHLPOWOGBIFiDigBioBingBaiduArisaema mairei異名: Arisaema maireanum Arisaema wumengense ...
- ↑ FOC >> Vol.23 (2010) >> Araceae >> Arisaema
- ↑ Diversity and floristic characteristics of vascu... 中既有專性附生, 如勐海南星(Arisaema lackneri); 又有半附生, 如崖角藤屬(Rhaphidophora); 也有兼 性附生, 如石柑屬(Pothos)和岩芋屬(Remusatia)。