打开主菜单

求真百科

乌蒙南星

乌蒙南星

中文名:乌蒙南星

别 名:

拉丁学名:Arisaema

mairei H. Lév.

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:单子叶植物纲

亚 纲:泽泻亚纲

目:泽泻目

科:天南星科

族:天南星族

属:天南星属

种:乌蒙南星

分布区域:云南省四川省

乌蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng,拉丁学名 Arisaema mairei H. Lév.)是一种野生型多年生草本植物,大多生活于山坡林下灌丛下,主要分布在我国的云南省四川省等地。[1]

目录

乌蒙南星形态特征

Arisaema maireanum Engler; A. wumengense H. Li.

Plants dioecious. Tuber renewed seasonally, dark brown outside, whitish inside, depressed globose, ca. 3 × 4-5 cm.

Cataphylls 2 or 3, greenish with pink and whitish blotches or whitish with brownish apex, 17-18 × ca. 2.7 cm, papery, apex obtuse. Leaves 2;

petiole green but sheathing part often with dark brown short stripes, 30-40 cm, proximal 25-30 cm sheathing into pseudostem, encircled in cataphylls;

leaf blade pedate, 5-7-foliolate or palmate-digitate; leaflets sessile, base connected and closed, light green abaxially, dull green adaxially;

central leaflet subsessile, elliptic to broadly oblong, base acute, apex acute or acuminate; lateral leaflets as central one but somewhat smaller, outermost ones ca. 8 × 3 cm.

Peduncle green, unmarked or with whitish dots, usually shorter than petioles, 33-36 cm. Spathe emerging from pseudostem; tube greenish outside, white inside, unmarked, cylindric, ca. 4 × 1.4-2 cm, smooth, throat slightly recurved, not auriculate;

limb white, unmarked, narrowly ovate, 9-11 × 3.7-5.5 cm, apex acute or acuminate, slightly incurved. Spadix unisexual; female zone greenish, conic, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm; ovary obovoid;

style pyramidal, short; stigma small, papillose; male zone cylindric, 1.5-2 cm × ca. 3 mm; synandria dense, subsessile; anthers 2 or 3, yellowish, thecae globose, dehiscing by apical pores. [2]

Appendix sessile, dark green throughout or whitish in basal 2-3 cm, green in middle ca. 1.5 cm, dull brownish purple distally, cylindric, narrowed distally, ca. 14 cm in total, 3-5 mm in diam., part exserted from spathe tube recurved and pendulous, apex filiform. Fl. Jun-Jul.[3]

生境产地

● Thickets, grassy slopes, riversides; 1900-2000 m. S Sichuan (Huidong), Yunnan (Huize, Luquan).[4]

主要价值

云台南星 块茎入药,外用治无名肿毒初起、面神经麻痹、毒蛇咬伤、神经性皮炎,炙后内服治肺,痈咳嗽(江苏)。 [5]

本种标本常被误定为 A. japonicum Blume,但后者附属器明显具柄,较粗短,基部光滑无中性花。

常见问题

南星科植物有哪些?

天南星科115属,2000余种,广布于全世界,但92%以上产热带,中国有35属,206种(其中有4属,20种系引种栽培的),南北均有分布,有些供药用,有些种类的块茎含丰富的淀粉供食用,有些供观赏用。

天南星有毒吗?

有毒 天南星属天南星科多年生草本植物,别名一把伞、南星、山苞米、山棒子等,在我国大部分省区都有分布,生于山野阴湿处或丛林之下。天南星植物体各部位均有苦辣涩味,麻口舌感。

天南星种植基地的产品如何?

天南星属多年生草本植物。别名:南星、禹南星、白南星、掌叶半夏、虎掌南星、异叶天南星、一把伞等,是河南省禹州市的地道中药材之一。天南星以球状块茎供药用。近年来由于野生资源少,用量大,人工栽培少。

天南星价格是多少

大的要55-60元 小的10-15元 天南星功效: 【性味归经】苦、辛,温;有毒。归肺、肝、脾经。该物种为中国植物图谱数据库收录的有毒植物。

参考来源

  1. 乌蒙南星, 植物智, 2020-01-18
  2. Arisaema 200027218 Arisaema lingyunense 凌云南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027219 Arisaema lobatum 花南星 FOC Vol. 23 242304196 Arisaema mairei 乌蒙南星 FOC Vol. 23 200027221...
  3. 乌蒙南星 Arisaema mairei 乌蒙南星(wū méng nán xīng)PPBCCVHColDuocetCFHeFlorasEOLTPLIPNIBHLPOWOGBIFiDigBioBingBaiduArisaema mairei异名: Arisaema maireanum Arisaema wumengense ...
  4. FOC >> Vol.23 (2010) >> Araceae >> Arisaema
  5. Diversity and floristic characteristics of vascu... 中既有专性附生, 如勐海南星(Arisaema lackneri); 又有半附生, 如崖角藤属(Rhaphidophora); 也有兼 性附生, 如石柑属(Pothos)和岩芋属(Remusatia)。