丽江南星
丽江南星 |
中文名:丽江南星 拉丁学名:Arisaema lichiangense W. W. Sm. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:单子叶植物纲 Monocotyledoneae 目:天南星目 Arales 科:天南星科 Araceae 族:天南星族 Trib. Areae 属:天南星属 Arisaema 组:象头花组 Sect. Franchetiana |
丽江南星(lì jiāng nán xīng),(学名:Arisaema lichiangense):为单子叶植物纲天南星科天南星属的植物,为中国的特有植物。分布于中国的云南、四川等地,生长于海拔2,400米至3,000米的地区,常生于山坡松林或沟谷杂木林下。 [1]
目录
丽江南星形态特征
块茎近圆球形,直径3-4.5厘米,常具直径1-1.5厘米的小球茎,须根多数。鳞叶3,膜质,披针形,渐尖,最内的长7-15厘米,有紫色斑块。叶1,叶柄长20-37厘米,下部4-5厘米鞘状;
叶片3全裂,裂片无柄或中裂片具短柄,宽卵形或近菱形,先端短渐尖或骤狭渐尖,基部宽楔形或圆形,全缘,侧脉和网脉背面较清晰,集合脉距边缘3-5毫米,中裂片对称,长6-15厘米,宽6.5-13厘米;
侧裂片较小,基部稍偏斜或极偏斜,长5.5-13厘米,宽4.5-10厘米。
花序柄短于叶柄,长13-23厘米。佛焰苞紫色或紫红色,具淡绿色纵条纹,长7-10厘米,管部粗短,长2.5厘米,宽1.3-1.5厘米,圆柱形,喉部边缘1毫米反卷;
檐部卵状披针形,直立或略下弯,长渐尖,长3.5-4厘米(包括尖头)。肉穗花序单性,雄花序圆柱形,长9-15毫米,粗2毫米,花密,雄花无柄或上部的具短柄,花药1-2,药室球形,顶孔开裂;
雌花序圆锥形,长1.4厘米;基部粗1厘米,花密集,子房绿色,倒圆锥形,柱头盘状,无柄。
胚珠3,直立;附属器长2.5-3厘米,仅及佛焰苞檐部,近直立,上部下倾,基部粗约1毫米,向下渐狭为长2-3毫米的柄,向上稍细,先端粗0.5毫米。花期6-7月。 [2]
分类文献
Arisaema lichiangense W. W. Sm. in Not, Bot. Gard. , Edinb. 8: 178. 1914; Hand. -Mazt. , Symb. Sin. l: 1364. 1936.
Plants dioecious. Tuber renewed seasonally, brown outside, yellowish white inside, subglobose, 3-4.5 cm in diam., usually with tubercles. Cataphylls 3, brown with purple dots, membranous, inner one 7-15 cm, purplish brown with whitish spots. Leaf solitary; petiole purplish brown with some whitish dots, 20-37 cm, basal 4-5 cm sheathing into pseudostem; leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets sessile, sometimes shortly petiolulate, green, broadly ovate or subrhombic, subleathery, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margin entire, apex acute or abruptly acuminate; central leaflet 6-15 × 6.5-13 cm; lateral leaflets smaller, 5.5-13 × 4.5-10 cm, base oblique.
Peduncle purplish brown with tiny whitish dots, shorter than petioles, 13-24 cm. Spathe purple or purplish red, with whitish or greenish longitudinal lines, 7-10 cm in total; tube broadly cylindric, ca. 2.5 × 1.3-1.5 cm, throat margins slightly recurved; limb erect or slightly recurved, ovate-lanceolate, 3.5-4 cm, apex long acuminate, with a connective whitish intramarginal line along distal part. Spadix unisexual; female zone subconic, ca. 10 × 6-7 mm; ovary green, obconic; ovules 3, basal, erect; stigma sessile, disciform; male zone cylindric, 9-15 × 2-3 mm; synandria of 1 or 2 stamens; anthers sessile or distal ones subsessile; thecae purple, globose, opening by an apical pore. Appendix whitish purple proximally, dark purple distally, 6-7 cm (including stipe), base swollen, 3-4 mm in diam., attenuate into stipe ca. 10 × 1 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul.
● Pinus forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests in valleys, secondary thickets; 2400-3200 m. SW Sichuan, NW Yunnan.
丽江南星生长环境
生长于海拔2400-3000米的山坡松林或沟谷杂木林下。[3]
丽江南星分布范围
丽江南星主要价值
用于治痰湿滞所致的咳嗽痰多稀薄、苔腻胸闷、顽痰咳嗽等症。
丽江南星本种提示
参考来源
- ↑ 丽江南星, 植物智, 2020-01-18
- ↑ 《中国植物志》 第13(2)卷 (1979) >> 134页 PDF >> 丽江南星 Arisaema lichiangense
- ↑ 丽江南星 Arisaema lichiangense 丽江南星(lì jiāng nán xīng) PPBCCVHColDuocetCFHeFlorasEOLTPLIPNIBHLPOWOGBIFiDigBioBingBaiduArisaema lichiangense W. W. Sm...
- ↑ 丽江市植物资源_百度文库 1页 发布时间: 2013年05月08日 丽江吊灯花、丽江山石榴、丽江紫苑、丽江蟹甲草、丽江一支箭、丽江拉拉藤、 大丽子藤、白花丽红报春、丽江黄钟红、丽江通泉草、丽江鳔冠花、丽江黄岑、丽江南星、 ...