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孙必兴早熟禾

来自 植物智 的图片

界：植物界 门：被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲：百合纲 Liliopsida 亚纲：鸭跖草亚纲 Commelinidae 目：莎草目 Cyperales 科：禾本科 Gramineae 亚科：早熟禾亚科 SubFam. Pooideae 属：早熟禾属 Poa

孙必兴早熟禾(sūn bì xīng zǎo shú hé)，拉丁文 Poa sunbisinii Soreng & G. Zhu，一年生草本或短命的多年生植物。对纤细，丛生的0.1-0.2毫米秆，直立或稍外倾在基部，25-80厘米高，1-3.5毫米直径发状的主要根， 粗糙的平滑或疏生在下面节，节，外露的1或2，最上部的向上1/2的路约秆。 叶鞘平滑，无毛，6-15厘米，0.5-1 * 倍于给装叶片，最初关闭对于来说约长度； 平的叶片或折叠，适中瘦，

形态特征

一年生草本或短命的多年生植物。对纤细，丛生的0.1-0.2毫米秆，直立或稍外倾在基部，25-80厘米高，1-3.5毫米直径发状的主要根， 粗糙的平滑或疏生在下面节，节，外露的1或2，最上部的向上1/2的路约秆。

叶鞘平滑，无毛，6-15厘米，0.5-1 * 倍于给装叶片，最初关闭对于来说约长度； 平的叶片或折叠，适中瘦，最上部的×1.5 8-30厘米毫米， 叶舌1-2(-5)毫米，先端钝，背面粗糙，衣领无毛。

约8-25厘米，长节间，圆锥花序开阔的，最终外露厘米； 分枝最初上升和曲折， 和疏松的开展或反折的最终， 微染的披针形，紫色的小穗，(4-)5-7毫米，小花2或3； vivipary无；

小穗轴节间的约1毫米，通常是要具短硬毛的浓密细长粗糙； 质地薄外稃的颖片， 在边缘或全部上经常紫色通过，龙骨，均匀装以面具微小点， 外稃3.7-5.2毫米，适中坚定；

先端锐锐尖， 边缘狭膜质， 具一根狭窄的紫色的带子， 胼胝体的下部小花网状的疏生，毛短，胼胝体的上部小花； 粗糙的内稃全部。 花药0.7-1.6毫米。花期 以及果期8月。

China. Yunnan: Fugong Xian, above Bijiang ca. 9 km by road, W slope of Bilou Mts. (divide between Nu Jiang and Lancang Jiang drainages), 26°35'N, 98°59'E, opening in Abies-Tsuga forest-Fargesia thicket contact zone, 2900 m, 8 Sep 1997, R. J. Soreng, P. M. Peterson & Sun Hang 5222 (holotype, US; isotypes, KUN, PE, others to be distributed).

Haec species a P. eleanorae Bor foliorum superiorum vaginarum marginibus per dimididum longitudinis connatis, lemmate glabro atque glumis 1.5 mm brevioribus quam lemmatibus; a P. gammieana J. D. Hooker inflorescentiae ramis scabris, lemmatis paleaeque carinis glabris atque ligula plerumque breviore, 1–2(–5) mm; a P. dzongicola Noltie callo dorso lanuginoso atque ligula breviore differt.Annuals or short-lived perennials.

Major roots capillary to slender, 0.1–0.2 mm. Culms tufted, erect or slightly decumbent at base, 25–80 cm tall, 1–3.5 mm in diam., smooth or sparsely scabrid below nodes, nodes 2–4, 1 or 2 exserted, uppermost ca. 1/2 way up culm. Leaf sheaths smooth, glabrous, 6–15 cm, 0.5–1 × as long as blade, uppermost closed for ca. 1/2 of length; blades flat or folded, moderately thin, uppermost 8–30 cm × 1.5–5 mm, abaxial surface and margins smooth or sparsely scabrid, adaxially scabrid, keel and 4–10 primary veins abaxially pronounced, apex slender prow-tipped; ligule 1–2(–5) mm, apex obtuse, abaxially scabrid, collar glabrous.

Panicle open, eventually exserted, 8–25 cm, longest internode ca. 4 cm; branches initially ascending and flexuous, eventually spreading or reflexed and lax, mostly 2 per node, scabrid all round, angled in part, longest 8–11 cm with 5–13 spikelets loosely arranged in distal 1/2.

Spikelets lanceolate, purple tinged, (4–)5–7 mm, florets 2 or 3; vivipary absent; rachilla internodes ca. 1 mm, usually densely slender-scabrid to hispidulous; glumes thinner-textured than the lemmas, frequently purple on margins or all over, keel scabrid, surface uniformly minutely punctate, apex sharply acute, lower glume narrowly lanceolate, 3.3–4.6 mm, 1- or 3-veined, upper glume lanceolate 3.8–5 mm, 3-veined; lemmas 3.7–5.2 mm, moderately firm, apex sharply acute, margins very narrowly membranous, with a narrow purple band, keel and marginal veins scabrid, intermediate veins faint to moderately prominent, areas between veins usually densely scabrid over most of the surface; callus of proximal florets sparsely webbed, hairs short, callus of distal florets glabrous; palea scabrid throughout. Anthers 0.7–1.6 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug.

产地生境

• Openings in upper forested and subalpine slopes, 2900–3900 m. NW Yunnan.

在上面forested 和亚高山的山坡，2900-3900米云南西北部里的开始。

辨析

Poa sunbisinii differs from P. eleanorae by having more closed leaf sheaths, a lack of hairs on the lemma keels, and shorter spikelets with glumes shorter than the lemmas by (on average) ca. 1.5 mm.

It has a long palea as in P. gammieana, but that species has smooth inflorescence branches, pilose lemma and palea keels, and longer ligules. Poa dzongicola has glabrous calluses and longer ligules.

Poa sunbisinii 通过更多关闭叶鞘不同于eleanorae页， 在龙骨状外稃上的缺乏毛， 并且短小穗具颖片短于外稃以有一长内稃如同在gammieana页的1.5毫米的(平均)约， Poa dzongicola有无毛的胼胝体和长叶舌。