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2006年欺詐罪法令
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{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin: -10px 0px 10px 20px; text-align:left" |<center>'''2006年欺詐罪法令'''<br><img 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" width="280"></center><small>[http://thuir.thu.edu.tw/retrieve/30493/104THU00194002-001.pdf 圖片來自thu]</small> |} 《'''2006年欺詐罪法令'''》(Fraud Act 2006,2006 c. 35)是[[英國]]的[[國會法令]]之一,實施地區包括[[英格蘭和威爾斯]]及[[蘇格蘭]]<ref>[https://www.thenewslens.com/article/125250 蘇格蘭],thenewslens</ref> 。該法令於2006年11月8日獲得[[御准]],2007年1月15日正式生效。 ===獲益與損失=== 本法令定義的「獲益」(gain)和「損失」(loss)僅指在金錢或財產(包括無形財產)上的得失,而該得失可以是暫時性或是永久性的。「獲益」是指藉保有己有的,或藉取得未有的金錢或財產而獲益;「損失」是指未有取得可取得的,或失去已有的金錢或財產而引致的損失。 另外,本法令也新增了兩項附屬罪行,包括第6條「管有用於欺詐的物品」(Possession etc. of articles for use in frauds)和第7條「製造或提供用於欺詐的物品」(Making or supplying articles for use in frauds)。 ==不誠實地取得服務== 本法令第11條指出,任何人若不誠實地,取得一項需付款的服務,而該人故意或意圖不付款或不交足款項,便構成「不誠實地取得服務」罪行,如經循簡易程序定罪,其刑罰由罰款至監禁12個月(北愛爾蘭為6個月)不等,如經循[[公訴]]程序,其最高刑罰為監禁5年。 ==目的== 本法令提供了欺詐罪行的法定定義,並將之分為三大類,包括以虛假申述、沒有披露資料或濫用職位作出的[[欺詐]]行為,犯罪者如經循簡易程序定罪,其刑罰由罰款至監禁12個月(北愛爾蘭為6個月)不等,如經循[[公訴]]程序,其最高刑罰為監禁10年。本法令取代了於《1978年盜竊罪法令》中,關於以欺騙手段取得財產、金錢利益,以及其他犯罪行為的條文,1978年的法令因其複雜性及在法庭上指證困難而備受批評,在本法令生效後,不少舊法令的條文被廢除,惟第3條關於「不付款而離去」的條文則被保留。 *「以虛假申述作出欺詐」(Fraud by false representation)於法令第2條所定,條文定義了「申述」、何謂「虛假申述」及申述的形式(包括明示或暗示)。 *「以沒有披露資料作出欺詐」(Fraud by failing to disclose information)於法令第3條所定,適用於任何人不按法律義務的要求,向第三方披露特定資料。 *「以濫用職位作出欺詐」(Fraud by abuse of position)於法令第4條所定,適用於任何人身居某職位,其職責需保障/不損害另一人的財政利益,而該人刻意地或疏忽地濫用職權。 按照新法令,任何人如不誠實地作出上述三項欺詐行為中的任何一項,而該行為是意圖使自己或另一人獲益,或使他人蒙受損失/承擔蒙受損失的風險,即屬犯欺詐罪。 == 參考文獻 == {{reflist}} [[Category: 社會事件]]
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